ArticleHormones and behavior2013
Association of menstrual cycle phase with the core components of empathy.
Article in Hormones and behavior, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Empathic Accuracy and Behavioral Empathy After a Moderate Dose of Beer.Human psychopharmacology · 2026Trial
- Kinetics of oxytocin effects on amygdala and striatal reactivity vary between women and men.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2020Trial
- The aporetic dialogues of Modena on gender differences: Is it all about testosterone? Episode II: Empathy.Andrology · 2026Review
- Assessing the association between menstrual cycle phase and voice-gender categorization: no robust evidence for an association.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- The relationship between social odour awareness and emotional contagion susceptibility in females.Perception · 2024Article
- Estrogen predicts multimodal emotion recognition accuracy across the menstrual cycle.PloS one · 2024Article
- Determining menstrual cycle phase: An empirical examination of methodologies and recommendations for improvement in behavioral and brain sciences.Hormones and behavior · 2023Article
- Are women more empathetic than men? Questionnaire and EEG estimations of sex/gender differences in empathic ability.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2023Article
- Does the interplay of emotion-related personality traits and reproductive hormones predict individual variation in emotion recognition?PloS one · 2023Article
- Characterizing stress during animal interaction: a focus on the human endocrine response during equine-assisted services.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Review
- Assessing the role of adolescent hormonal contraceptive use on risk for depression: a 3-year longitudinal study protocol.BMC women's health · 2022Article
- Hormonal abnormalities in alexithymia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- No Evidence for a Role of Oral Contraceptive-Use in Emotion Recognition But Higher Negativity Bias in Early Follicular Women.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2021Article
- Friend vs. Foe: Cognitive and Affective Empathy in Women With Different Hormonal States.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Facial Emotion Recognition and Emotional Memory From the Ovarian-Hormone Perspective: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Review
- Females' menstrual cycle and incentive salience: Insights on neural reaction towards erotic pictures and effects of gonadal hormones.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2020Article
- No evidence that hormonal contraceptive use or circulating sex steroids predict complex emotion recognition.Hormones and behavior · 2020Article
- The Behavioral Biology of Teams: Multidisciplinary Contributions to Social Dynamics in Isolated, Confined, and Extreme Environments.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Review
- Sex Hormones and Processing of Facial Expressions of Emotion: A Systematic Literature Review.Frontiers in psychology · 2018Article
- The roots of empathy: Through the lens of rodent models.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Evidence has accumulated that emotion recognition performance varies with menstrual cycle phase. However, according to some empathy models, facial affect recognition constitutes only one component of empathic behavior, besides emotional perspective taking and affective responsiveness. It remains unclear whether menstrual cycle phase and thus estradiol and progesterone levels are also associated with the two other empathy constructs. Therefore, we investigated 40 healthy right-handed females, 20 during their follicular phase and 20 during their midluteal phase and compared their performance in three tasks tapping the empathic components as well as self-report data. Salivary hormone levels were obtained and correlated with performance parameters. Subjects were matched for age and education and did not differ in neuropsychological function. Analysis of empathy performance revealed a significant effect of phase in emotion recognition, showing higher accuracy in the follicular group. Regarding affective responsiveness, we observed a significant difference in reaction times, with faster responses for sad and angry stimuli in the midluteal group. No significant group difference emerged for emotional perspective taking. Furthermore, significant correlations between progesterone levels and emotion recognition accuracy and affective responsiveness emerged only in the luteal group. However, groups did not differ in self-reported empathy. Our results indicate that menstrual cycle phase and thus ovarian hormone concentration are differentially related to empathic behavior, particularly emotion recognition and responsiveness to negative situations, with progesterone covarying with both in the luteal phase.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.