ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2012
Autophagy protects against active tuberculosis by suppressing bacterial burden and inflammation.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 292 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
292 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 439 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunosenescence: A systems-level overview of immune cell biology and strategies for improving vaccine responses.Experimental gerontology · 2019Pooled it
- PGE2 displays immunosuppressive effects during human active tuberculosis.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Exploring the impact of nutrition and autophagy on infectious diseases to inform the development of homeostatic-nanomedicines for HIV-TB coinfections.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Canonical and noncanonical autophagy in immunity.Immunity · 2026Review
- Modulatory Role of ATG5 Protein in Immune Modulation During Experimental Tularemia.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- What Do We Know About Immune System Aging from Human and Animal Studies?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- AXL-dependent autophagy impairment differentiates monocyte-derived macrophages from Crohn's disease and intestinal tuberculosis.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026Article
- The Mechanistic Review of the Molecular Interface of RNA-Loaded Extracellular Vesicles: Redefining Targeted Therapy for Autoimmune Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Membrane atg8ylation and autophagy in protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Review
- Parthenolide attenuated the endometriosis-like lesions by activating autophagy and suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activity.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2026Article
- Autophagy in tuberculosis: advances, translational gaps, and the promise of host-directed therapies.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Cell-to-Cell and Patient-to-Patient Variability in Antimicrobial Resistance.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis biology, pathogenicity and interaction with the host.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Review
- The pathway of autophagy in the epigenetic landscape ofAutophagy · 2025Review
- ATG16L1 controls mammalian vacuolar proton ATPase.The Journal of cell biology · 2025Article
- Inflammasomes and autophagy in cancer: unlocking targeted therapies.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- ATG7 in innate immune cells is required for host defense against nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infections.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Exploitable mechanisms of antibody and CAR mediated macrophage cytotoxicity.Nature communications · 2025Article
- ATG5 suppresses type I IFN-dependent neutrophil effector functions during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
232 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Autophagy is a cell biological pathway affecting immune responses. In vitro, autophagy acts as a cell-autonomous defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but its role in vivo is unknown. Here we show that autophagy plays a dual role against tuberculosis: antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. M. tuberculosis infection of Atg5(fl/fl) LysM-Cre(+) mice relative to autophagy-proficient littermates resulted in increased bacillary burden and excessive pulmonary inflammation characterized by neutrophil infiltration and IL-17 response with increased IL-1α levels. Macrophages from uninfected Atg5(fl/fl) LysM-Cre(+) mice displayed a cell-autonomous IL-1α hypersecretion phenotype, whereas T cells showed propensity toward IL-17 polarization during nonspecific activation or upon restimulation with mycobacterial antigens. Thus, autophagy acts in vivo by suppressing both M. tuberculosis growth and damaging inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.