ArticleThe open neurology journal2012
The psychoimmunology of lyme/tick-borne diseases and its association with neuropsychiatric symptoms.
Article in The open neurology journal, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Editorial: Severe mental illnesses in children: unravelling developmental trajectories, neuropsychiatric impairments, and chronic pain.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Investigating the frequency of tick-borne infections in a case series of 37 youth diagnosed with pediatric bipolar disorder.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Case Report: Special recoveries from major mental illness in childhood: a case series.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Late-stage borreliosis and substance abuse.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Microbes and Mental Illness: Past, Present, and Future.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- The Effectiveness of Microdosed Psilocybin in the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Lyme Disease: A Case Study.International medical case reports journal · 2023Article
- Adverse Childhood Events, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Infectious Encephalopathies and Immune-Mediated Disease.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The Legacy of the TTASAAN Report - Premature Conclusions and Forgotten Promises About SPECT Neuroimaging: A Review of Policy and Practice Part II.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- CXCL13 in Cancer and Other Diseases: Biological Functions, Clinical Significance, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Lyme Neuroborreliosis: Mechanisms ofBrain sciences · 2021Review
- A Clinical Diagnostic System for Late-Stage Neuropsychiatric Lyme Borreliosis Based upon an Analysis of 100 Patients.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Chronic Lyme Disease: An Evidence-Based Definition by the ILADS Working Group.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Differentiating Psychosomatic, Somatopsychic, Multisystem Illnesses, and Medical Uncertainty.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Proposed Lyme Disease Guidelines and Psychiatric Illnesses.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Precision Medicine: The Role of the MSIDS Model in Defining, Diagnosing, and Treating Chronic Lyme Disease/Post Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome and Other Chronic Illness: Part 2.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Neuropsychiatric Lyme Borreliosis: An Overview with a Focus on a Specialty Psychiatrist's Clinical Practice.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
- Improvement of common variable immunodeficiency using embryonic stem cell therapy in a patient with lyme disease: a clinical case report.Clinical case reports · 2018Article
- History of Morgellons disease: from delusion to definition.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2018Review
- Aggressiveness, violence, homicidality, homicide, and Lyme disease.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Disease progression of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Lyme/tick-borne diseases can be better understood by greater attention to psychoimmunology. Although there are multiple contributors that provoke and weaken the immune system, infections and persistent infections are significant causes of pathological immune reactions. Immune mediated ef-fects are a significant contributor to the pathophysiological processes and disease progression. These immune effects in-clude persistent inflammation with cytokine effects and molecular mimicry and both of these mechanisms may be present at the same time in persistent infections. Sickness syndrome associated with interferon treatment and autoimmune limbic encephalopathies are models to understand inflammatory and molecular mimicry effects upon neuropsychiatric symp-toms. Progressive inflammatory reactions have been proposed as a model to explain disease progression in depression, psychosis, dementia, epilepsy, autism and other mental illnesses and pathophysiological changes have been associated with oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, changes in homocysteine metabolism and altered tryptophan catabolism. Lyme dis-ease has been associated with the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-18 and interferon-gamma, the chemokines CXCL12 and CXCL13 and increased levels proinflammatory lipoproteins. Borrelia burgdorferi surface gly-colipids and flagella antibodies appear to elicit anti-neuronal antibodies and anti-neuronal antibodies and Borrelia burgdorferi lipoproteins can disseminate from the periphery to inflame the brain. Autism spectrum disorders associated with Lyme/tick-borne diseases may be mediated by a combination of inflammatory and molecular mimicry mechanisms. Greater interaction is needed between infectious disease specialists, immunologists and psychiatrists to benefit from this awareness and to further understand these mechanisms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.