ArticlePsychopharmacology2013
The effect of nicotine on sign-tracking and goal-tracking in a Pavlovian conditioned approach paradigm in rats.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beyond dopamine: Broader neuromodulatory contributions in sign- and goal-tracking.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Genetic Loci Influencing Cue-Reactivity in Heterogeneous Stock Rats.Genes, brain, and behavior · 2025Article
- Adolescent alcohol exposure persistently alters orbitofrontal cortical encoding of Pavlovian conditional stimulus components in female rats.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Genomic Loci Influencing Cue-Reactivity in Heterogeneous Stock Rats.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Diurnal rhythms in cholinergic modulation of rapid dopamine signals and associative learning in the striatum.Cell reports · 2022Article
- The incentive amplifying effects of nicotine: Roles in alcohol seeking and consumption.Advances in pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.) · 2022Review
- β2* nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes mediate nicotine-induced enhancement of Pavlovian conditioned responding to an alcohol cue.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Investigating sex differences and the effect of drug exposure order in the sensory reward-enhancing effects of nicotine and d-amphetamine alone and in combination.Neuropharmacology · 2022Article
- Inactivation of posterior but not anterior dorsomedial caudate-putamen impedes learning with self-administered nicotine stimulus in male rats.Behavioural brain research · 2021Article
- Varenicline rescues nicotine-induced decrease in motivation for sucrose reinforcement.Behavioural brain research · 2021Article
- Nicotine Enhances Goal-Tracking in Ethanol and Food Pavlovian Conditioned Approach Paradigms.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Nicotine Self-Administration With Tobacco Flavor Additives in Male Rats.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- Sex differences in nicotine-enhanced Pavlovian conditioned approach in rats.Biology of sex differences · 2019Article
- Nicotine Produces a High-Approach, Low-Avoidance Phenotype in Response to Alcohol-Associated Cues in Male Rats.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2019Article
- Repeated cocaine exposure dysregulates cognitive control over cue-evoked reward-seeking behavior during Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2018Article
- Attentional capacities prior to drug exposure predict motivation to self-administer nicotine.Psychopharmacology · 2018Article
- Ethanol Exposure History and Alcoholic Reward Differentially Alter Dopamine Release in the Nucleus Accumbens to a Reward-Predictive Cue.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2018Article
- Nicotine-enhanced Pavlovian conditioned approach is resistant to omission of expected outcome.Behavioural brain research · 2018Article
- Suppressive and enhancing effects of nicotine on food-seeking behavior.Behavioural brain research · 2018Article
- Sex and Adolescent Ethanol Exposure Influence Pavlovian Conditioned Approach.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleNicotine (NIC) potently increases operant responding for non-NIC reinforcers, and this effect may depend on drug-mediated increases in incentive motivation. According to this hypothesis, NIC should also potently increase approach to Pavlovian-conditioned stimuli associated with rewards.
objectiveThe present studies explored the effects of NIC on Pavlovian-conditioned approach responses.
methodTo do so, liquid dippers were used to deliver an unconditioned stimulus (US; 0.1 ml sucrose) after presentation of a conditioned stimulus (CS; 30 s illumination of a stimulus light)-both the CS and US were presented in receptacles equipped to monitor head entries.
resultsIn experiment 1, the CS and US were presented in the same receptacle, but NIC pretreatment (0.4 mg/kg base) did not increase conditioned approach responses. Delivery of the sucrose US was then shifted to receptacle in a different location. All rats learned to approach the new US location (goal-tracking) at similar rates. Approach to the CS receptacle (sign-tracking) declined for saline-pretreated rats, but NIC pretreatment increased sign-tracking. In experiment 2, NIC pretreatment increased sign-tracking when the CS and US were spatially separated during acquisition. In experiment 3, NIC pretreatments were replaced with saline, but the effect of NIC persisted for an additional 24 test sessions.
conclusionThe findings suggest that NIC increases incentive motivation and that this effect is long-lasting, persisting beyond the pharmacological effects of NIC.
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