Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23090351›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of gastroenterology2012

Optimum ribavirin exposure overcomes racial disparity in efficacy of peginterferon and ribavirin treatment for hepatitis C genotype 1.

Runyan Jin, Ling Cai, Ming Tan, John G McHutchison, Thomas C Dowling, Charles D Howell

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of gastroenterology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Runyan JinSchool of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
Ling Cai
Ming Tan
John G McHutchison
Thomas C Dowling
Charles D Howell
University of Maryland, Baltimore · USClinical Research Institute · US

Funding

ZINC GLUCONATE GLYCINE LOZENGES &VITAMIN C EFFECTS ON COMMON COLDM01RR000042 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI RUBENFIRE, MELVYN · 1985 to 2007
$40.8M
Zonisamide in Patients with Neuropathic Pain Associated with Diabetic NeuropathyM01RR000046 · NCRR · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI JOY, MELANIE S · 1985 to 2008
$38.5M
ZOLEDRONIC ACID IN PROSTATE CANCERM01RR000645 · NCRR · COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE · PI COLTEN, HARVEY R · 1985 to 2006
$27.0M
ZD1839 FOR MALIGNANT ASTROCYTOMA OR GLIOBLASTOMA AND MENINGIOMAM01RR000079 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KESSLER, DAVID A · 1985 to 2006
$26.0M
Zonulin Antibodies in Intestinal Permeabilitiy in IDDMM01RR016500 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI OSWALD, LYNN M · 2002 to 2009
$20.2M
Study of Viral Resistance to Antiviral Therapy of Chron*U01DK060329 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI BELLE, STEVEN H. · 2001 to 2005
$8.0M
Response of HCV to Therapy in African AmericansU01DK060345 · NIDDK · SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY · PI TAVIS, JOHN E · 2001 to 2005
$1.4M
HCV TREATMENT IN AFRICAN AMERICANS VS NON HISPANIC WHIT*U01DK060352 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI JEFFERS, LENNOX J · 2001 to 2005
$1.4M
Hepatitis C: host determinants of progression and respo*U01DK060341 · NIDDK · CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER · PI YANG, HUIYING · 2001 to 2005
$1.4M
VIRAHEP-C Clinical CenterU01DK060344 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI LOK, ANNA SF · 2001 to 2005
$1.3M
Baltimore VIRAHEP-C Clinical CenterU01DK060335 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI HOWELL, CHARLES D · 2001 to 2005
$1.3M
Hepatitis C Antiviral Resistance in African AmericansU01DK060327 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI FRIED, MICHAEL W · 2001 to 2005
$1.2M
NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000042NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000046NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000079NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR00046NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000645NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR00645NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR016500NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR16500NCRR NIH HHS M02 RR000079NIDDK NIH HHS 1 K24 DK072036-01NIDDK NIH HHS 1 R21 DK078100-01NIDDK NIH HHS K24 DK072036NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK066920NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK066920-01NIDDK NIH HHS R21 DK078100NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060309NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060324NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060327NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060329NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060335NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060340NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060341NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060342NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060344NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060345NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060346NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060349NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060352NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK60309NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK60324NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK60327NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK60329NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK60335NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK60340NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK60341NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK60342NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK60344NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK60345NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK60346NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK60349NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK60352
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesPeginterferon and ribavirin treatment is less effective for hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infections in African Americans (AA) compared with Caucasian Americans (CA). Host genetic variability near the interleukin-28B (IL28B) gene locus is partly responsible. We investigated the relationship between ribavirin drug exposure and week 24 and 72 (sustained virologic response, SVR) responses (undetected serum HCV RNA) in 71 AA and 74 CA with HCV genotype 1 who received >90% of the prescribed peginterferon and weight-based ribavirin (1,000 or 1,200 mg per day) from week 1 to 24.

methodsRibavirin plasma levels were measured at weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24; ribavirin area under the concentration vs. time curve (AUC) was calculated using the linear trapezoidal rule.

resultsCompared with CA, AA had lower week 24 (WK24VR) (57.8 vs. 78.1; P<0.05) and week 72 (SVR) (36.6% vs 54.8%; P<0.05) response rates. AA also had significantly lower ribavirin exposure (AUC) from week 1 to 12 (P<0.05). Ribavirin exposures ≥4,065 and ≥4,480 ng/ml/day in the first week (AUC(0-7)) were thresholds for WK24VR and SVR in receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses. AA were less likely to have a threshold ribavirin AUC(0-7) level than CA (P<0.05). There were no significant racial differences in WK24VR (AA: 77 vs. CA: 84%) and SVR (AA: 52 vs. CA: 60%) rates in patients who met the ribavirin AUC(0-7) thresholds. Ribavirin AUC(0-7) predicted WK24VR and SVR independently of IL28B single-nucleotide polymorphism rs12979860 genotype. Yet, achieving threshold AUC(0-7) levels increased response rates primarily in AA with the less favorable non-C/C genotypes.

conclusionsStandard weight-based dosing leads to suboptimal ribavirin exposure in AA and contributes to the racial disparity in peginterferon and ribavirin treatment efficacy for HCV genotype 1.

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsArea Under CurveBlack or African AmericanBody WeightChi-Square DistributionDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleGenotypeHepatitis C, ChronicHumansInterferon-alphaInterferon LambdaInterferonsInterleukinsLogistic ModelsMaleAntiviral AgentsInterferon-alphaInterferon Lambdainterferon-lambda, humanInterferonsInterleukinspeginterferon alfa-2aPolyethylene GlycolsRecombinant ProteinsRibavirin

Identifiers

PMID23090351
PMCPMC3718255
OpenAlexW1993818056

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.