ArticleInternational journal of therapeutic massage & bodywork2012
The development and validation of the client expectations of massage scale.
Article in International journal of therapeutic massage & bodywork, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Case Study: The Use of Massage Therapy to Relieve Chronic Low-Back Pain.International journal of therapeutic massage & bodywork · 2016Article
- Correlates of Injury-forced Work Reduction for Massage Therapists and Bodywork Practitioners.International journal of therapeutic massage & bodywork · 2013Article
- Are personal characteristics of massage therapists associated with their clinical, educational, and interpersonal behaviors?International journal of therapeutic massage & bodywork · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough there is evidence that client expectations influence client outcomes, a valid and reliable scale for measuring the range of client expectations for both massage therapy and the behaviors of their massage therapists does not exist. Understanding how client expectations influence client outcomes would provide insight into how massage achieves its reported effects. PURPOSE: To develop and validate the Client Expectations of Massage Scale (CEMS), a measure of clients' clinical, educational, interpersonal, and outcome expectations.
settingOffices of licensed massage therapists in Iowa. RESEARCH
designA practice-based research methodology was used to collect data from two samples of massage therapy clients. For Sample 1, 21 volunteer massage therapists collected data from their clients before the massage. Factor analysis was conducted to test construct validity and coefficient alpha was used to assess reliability. Correlational analyses with the CEMS, previous measures of client expectations, and the Life Orientation Test-Revised were examined to test the convergent and discriminant validity of the CEMS. For Sample 2, 24 massage therapists distributed study materials for clients to complete before and after a massage therapy session. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the construct, discriminant, and predictive validity of the CEMS.
participantsSample 1 involved 320 and Sample 2 involved 321 adult massage clients.
interventionStandard care provided by licensed massage therapists. MAIN OUTCOMES: Numeric Rating Scale for pain and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-Revised (including the Serenity subscale).
resultsThe CEMS demonstrated good construct, convergent, discriminant and predictive validity, and adequate reliability. Client expectations were generally positive toward massage and their massage therapists. Positive outcome expectations had a positive effect on clients' changes in pain and serenity. High interpersonal expectations had a negative effect on clients' changes in serenity.
conclusionsClient expectations contribute to the nonspecific effects of massage therapy.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.