ArticleNucleic acids research2013
The BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 activates HIV latency through antagonizing Brd4 inhibition of Tat-transactivation.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 205 papers.
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Who cites it
205 citing papers in PubMed, 302 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cell heterogeneity contributes to the variable response of HIV-1 to latency-reversing agents.Science advances · 2026Article
- BRD proteins in human retroviral infection: emerging evidence from HIV-1 and future perspectives for HTLV-1.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Structural basis for P-TEFb association with BRD4.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Targeting NF-κB signaling for HIV latency reversal: Mechanisms, challenges, and therapeutic perspectives.Virus research · 2026Review
- Systematic mapping of chromatin dysregulation driven by viral transcriptional regulators at scale.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Is the molecular microenvironment of the latent HIV reservoir predictable using deep learning approaches?Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Selective elimination of myeloid HIV reservoirs by targeting pro-survival pathways.The Journal of infection · 2026Article
- Block-and-Lock Approaches for HIV Cure: Mechanistic Insights, Challenges, and Emerging Role of CPSF6.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Latent HIV Reservoirs in the Central Nervous System: Mechanisms, Barriers, and Therapeutic Approaches.ACS infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Epigenetic aging is a hallmark of HIV pathogenesis and phenotypic outcomes.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Breaking into HIV-1's Epigenetic Vault: Cure Strategies to Eliminate the Viral Reservoir.Viruses · 2026Review
- XQ2, a Novel Derivative of Resveratrol, Reactivates Latent HIV‑1 via the Activation of Positive Transcription Elongation Factor B.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Epigenetic mechanisms of retroviral regulation: a comparative review.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2026Review
- Mechanistic insights and in vivo HIV suppression by the BRD4-targeting small molecule ZL0580.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- RNA splicing patterns contribute to burst size variation among HIV-1-infected Jurkat cell clones.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- HIV proviral transcription and infectivity are enhanced by neddylation.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- The p400 complex promotes HIV-1 latency by suppressing viral transcription and altering the host cell state.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- BRD9 functions as an HIV-1 latency regulatory factor.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- PRMT3 reverses HIV-1 latency by increasing chromatin accessibility to form a TEAD4-P-TEFb-containing transcriptional hub.Nature communications · 2025Article
- BRD4 modulator ZL0580 and LEDGINs additively block and lock HIV-1 transcription.Nature communications · 2025Article
145 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Latent HIV reservoirs are the primary hurdle to eradication of infection. Identification of agents, pathways and molecular mechanisms that activate latent provirus may, in the presence of highly active antiretroviral therapy, permit clearance of infected cells by the immune system. Promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase (Pol) II is a major rate-limiting step in HIV gene expression. The viral Tat protein recruits human Super Elongation Complex (SEC) to paused Pol II to overcome this limitation. Here, we identify the bromodomain protein Brd4 and its inhibition of Tat-transactivation as a major impediment to latency reactivation. Brd4 competitively blocks the Tat-SEC interaction on HIV promoter. The BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 dissociates Brd4 from the HIV promoter to allow Tat recruitment of SEC to stimulate HIV elongation. JQ1 synergizes with another latency activator prostratin, which promotes Pol II loading onto the viral promoter. Because JQ1 activates viral latency without inducing global T cell activation, this and other closely related compounds and their antagonization of Brd4 to promote Tat-SEC interaction merit further investigations as effective agents/strategies for eliminating latent HIV.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.