ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2012
Characterization of streptokinases from group A Streptococci reveals a strong functional relationship that supports the coinheritance of plasminogen-binding M protein and cluster 2b streptokinase.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Complement-mediated opsonization of invasive group A Streptococcus pyogenes strain AP53 is regulated by the bacterial two-component cluster of virulence responder/sensor (CovRS) system.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2013Trial
- Hydrophobic residues in the D-domain of a plasminogen-binding M-protein modulate α-helicity, oligomerization, and surface anchoring in Streptococcus pyogenes.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Article
- Group aMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Streptokinase reduces Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis biofilm formation.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Identification of distinct impacts of CovS inactivation on the transcriptome of acapsular group A streptococci.mSystems · 2023Article
- Inactivation of the lysine binding sites of human plasminogen (hPg) reveals novel structural requirements for the tight hPg conformation, M-protein binding, and rapid activation.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Article
- Evolution of Streptococcus pyogenes has maximized the efficiency of the Sortase A cleavage motif for cell wall transpeptidation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2022Article
- Relationships Between Plasminogen-Binding M-Protein and Surface Enolase for Human Plasminogen Acquisition and Activation inFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Binding of the kringle-2 domain of human plasminogen to streptococcal PAM-type M-protein causes dissociation of PAM dimers.MicrobiologyOpen · 2021Article
- Group AFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- A unique combination of glycoside hydrolases inThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Article
- A local α-helix drives structural evolution of streptococcal M-protein affinity for host human plasminogen.The Biochemical journal · 2020Article
- The M Protein of Streptococcus pyogenes Strain AP53 Retains Cell Surface Functional Plasminogen Binding after Inactivation of the Sortase A Gene.Journal of bacteriology · 2020Article
- Contribution of Streptokinase-Domains from Groups G and A (SK2a) Streptococci in Amidolytic/Proteolytic Activities and Fibrin-Dependent Plasminogen activation: A Domain-Exchange StudyIranian biomedical journal · 2020Article
- The β-domain of streptokinase affects several functionalities, including specific/proteolytic activity kinetics.FEBS open bio · 2019Article
- Variations in the secondary structures of PAM proteins influence their binding affinities to human plasminogen.Journal of structural biology · 2019Article
- Contributions of different modules of the plasminogen-binding Streptococcus pyogenes M-protein that mediate its functional dimerization.Journal of structural biology · 2018Article
- Conformationally organized lysine isosteres inThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2017Article
- Comparative pathogenomic characterization of a non-invasive serotype M71 strain Streptococcus pyogenes NS53 reveals incongruent phenotypic implications from distinct genotypic markers.Pathogens and disease · 2017Article
- Variable region in streptococcal M-proteins provides stable binding with host fibrinogen for plasminogen-mediated bacterial invasion.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Group A streptococcus (GAS) strains secrete the protein streptokinase (SK), which functions by activating host human plasminogen (hPg) to plasmin (hPm), thus providing a proteolytic framework for invasive GAS strains. The types of SK secreted by GAS have been grouped into two clusters (SK1 and SK2) and one subcluster (SK2a and SK2b). SKs from cluster 1 (SK1) and cluster 2b (SK2b) display significant evolutionary and functional differences, and attempts to relate these properties to GAS skin or pharynx tropism and invasiveness are of great interest. In this study, using four purified SKs from each cluster, new relationships between plasminogen-binding group A streptococcal M (PAM) protein and SK2b have been revealed. All SK1 proteins efficiently activated hPg, whereas all subclass SK2b proteins only weakly activated hPg in the absence of PAM. Surface plasmon resonance studies revealed that the lower affinity of SK2b to hPg served as the basis for the attenuated activation of hPg by SK2b. Binding of hPg to either human fibrinogen (hFg) or PAM greatly enhanced activation of hPg by SK2b but minimally influenced the already effective activation of hPg by SK1. Activation of hPg in the presence of GAS cells containing PAM demonstrated that PAM is the only factor on the surface of SK2b-expressing cells that enabled the direct activation of hPg by SK2b. As the binding of hPg to PAM is necessary for hPg activation by SK2b, this dependence explains the coinherant relationship between PAM and SK2b and the ability of these particular strains to generate the proteolytic activity that disrupts the innate barriers that limit invasiveness.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.