ArticleAIDS (London, England)2013
Hormonal contraceptive use and risk of HIV-1 disease progression.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contraception values and preferences of people living with HIV: A systematic review.Contraception · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review of contraceptive continuation among women living with HIV.Contraception · 2018Pooled it
- Effects of Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate, Copper Intrauterine Devices, and Levonorgestrel Implants on Early HIV Disease Progression.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2020Trial
- Broadly neutralizing antibodies consistently trap HIV-1 in fresh cervicovaginal mucus from select individuals.Acta biomaterialia · 2023Article
- A practical clinical guide to counselling on and managing contraception, pre-conception planning, and menopause for women living with HIV.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2021Article
- Unmet need for family planning and factors associated among women living with HIV in Oromia regional state, Ethiopia.Reproductive health · 2021Article
- Effects of three long-acting reversible contraceptive methods on HIV target cells in the human uterine cervix and peripheral blood.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2019Article
- Misreporting of contraceptive hormone use in clinical research participants.Contraception · 2018Article
- Article
- Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate administration alters immune markers for HIV preference and increases susceptibility of peripheral CD4ImmunoHorizons · 2017Article
- Pregnancy and HIV Disease Progression in an Early Infection Cohort from Five African Countries.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2017Article
- Drug-Drug Interactions, Effectiveness, and Safety of Hormonal Contraceptives in Women Living with HIV.Drug safety · 2016Review
- Beyond the Pap Smear: Gender-responsive HIV Care for Women.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2016Review
- What's new for antiretroviral treatment in women with HIV.Journal of virus eradication · 2016Article
- Hormonal Contraception, Pregnancy, Breastfeeding, and Risk of HIV Disease Progression Among Zambian Women.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Article
- Associations of hormonal contraceptive use with measures of HIV disease progression and antiretroviral therapy effectiveness.Contraception · 2016Article
- Hormonal contraceptive use in HIV-infected women using antiretroviral therapy: A Systematic review.Open access journal of contraception · 2015Article
- Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate intravaginal ring protects high-dose depot medroxyprogesterone acetate-treated macaques from multiple SHIV exposures.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2015Article
- Transient antibody-mucin interactions produce a dynamic molecular shield against viral invasion.Biophysical journal · 2014Article
- 17β-estradiol protects primary macrophages against HIV infection through induction of interferon-alpha.Viral immunology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFor HIV-1-infected women, hormonal contraception prevents unintended pregnancy, excess maternal morbidity, and vertical HIV-1 transmission. Hormonal contraceptives are widely used but their effects on HIV-1 disease progression are unclear.
methodsIn a prospective study among 2269 chronically HIV-1-infected women from seven countries in eastern and southern Africa and with enrollment CD4 cell counts at least 250 cells/μl, we compared rates of HIV-1 disease progression among those using and not using hormonal contraception (i.e. oral or injectable methods). The primary outcome was a composite endpoint of CD4 decline to less than 200 cells/μl, initiation of antiretroviral therapy, or death.
resultsThree hundred and seventy-two women experienced HIV-1 disease progression during 3242 years of follow-up (incidence rate = 11.5 events per 100 person-years). Rates of HIV-1 disease progression among women who were currently using and not using hormonal contraception were 8.54 and 12.31 per 100 person-years, respectively (adjusted hazard ratio 0.74, 95% confidence interval 0.56-0.98, P = 0.04). Rates were 8.58 and 8.39 per 100 person-years for the subsets using injectable and oral contraception (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.72, P = 0.04 for injectable users and adjusted hazard ratio = 0.83, P = 0.5 for oral users compared to women not using hormonal contraception). Sensitivity analyses assessing enrollment or cumulative contraceptive use during the study demonstrated risk estimates closer to 1.0 with no evidence for accelerated disease progression.
conclusionAmong African women with chronic HIV-1 infection, use of hormonal contraception was not associated with deleterious consequences for HIV-1 disease progression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.