ArticleRadiology and oncology2012
The optimization of needle electrode number and placement for irreversible electroporation of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in Radiology and oncology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stereotactic two-needle irreversible electroporation of liver tumors near critical structures: a proof-of-concept study.European radiology experimental · 2026Article
- Compound steep-pulse irreversible electroporation for prostate ablation in Beagle dogs: parameter evaluation and short-term safety.Frontiers in urology · 2026Article
- Article
- Optimization of Transpedicular Electrode Insertion for Electroporation-Based Treatments of Vertebral Tumors.Cancers · 2022Article
- Investigating the effect of electrode orientation on irreversible electroporation with experiment and simulation.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2022Article
- Invasive and non-invasive electrodes for successful drug and gene delivery in electroporation-based treatments.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
- [Ablative therapy of small renal masses].Der Urologe. Ausg. A · 2018Review
- Tissue Damage, Temperature, and pH Induced by Different Electrode Arrays on Potato Pieces (Frontiers in oncology · 2018Article
- Effect of Electrode Distance in Grid Electrode: Numerical Models and In Vitro Tests.Technology in cancer research & treatment · 2018Article
- Navigation Systems for Treatment Planning and Execution of Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation.Technology in cancer research & treatment · 2018Review
- Electrolytic ablation enables cancer cell targeting through pH modulation.Communications biology · 2018Article
- Evaluation of Soft Tissue Sarcoma Tumors Electrical Conductivity Anisotropy Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging for Numerical Modeling on Electroporation.Journal of biomedical physics & engineering · 2016Article
- Ablation techniques for primary and metastatic liver tumors.World journal of hepatology · 2016Review
- Specific CT 3D rendering of the treatment zone after Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) in a pig liver model: the "Chebyshev Center Concept" to define the maximum treatable tumor size.BMC medical imaging · 2014Article
- Tumor ablation: common modalities and general practices.Techniques in vascular and interventional radiology · 2013Review
- Tumor size and effectiveness of electrochemotherapy.Radiology and oncology · 2013Article
- Role of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in evaluating the efficiency of ultrasound guided percutaneous microwave ablation in patients with renal cell carcinoma.Radiology and oncology · 2013Article
- Educational application for visualization and analysis of electric field strength in multiple electrode electroporation.BMC medical education · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIrreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel ablation tool that uses brief high-voltage pulses to treat cancer. The efficacy of the therapy depends upon the distribution of the electric field, which in turn depends upon the configuration of electrodes used.
methodsWe sought to optimize the electrode configuration in terms of the distance between electrodes, the depth of electrode insertion, and the number of electrodes. We employed a 3D Finite Element Model and systematically varied the distance between the electrodes and the depth of electrode insertion, monitoring the lowest voltage sufficient to ablate the tumor, V(IRE). We also measured the amount of normal (non-cancerous) tissue ablated. Measurements were performed for two electrodes, three electrodes, and four electrodes. The optimal electrode configuration was determined to be the one with the lowest V(IRE), as that minimized damage to normal tissue.
resultsThe optimal electrode configuration to ablate a 2.5 cm spheroidal tumor used two electrodes with a distance of 2 cm between the electrodes and a depth of insertion of 1 cm below the halfway point in the spherical tumor, as measured from the bottom of the electrode. This produced a V(IRE) of 3700 V. We found that it was generally best to have a small distance between the electrodes and for the center of the electrodes to be inserted at a depth equal to or deeper than the center of the tumor. We also found the distance between electrodes was far more important in influencing the outcome measures when compared with the depth of electrode insertion.
conclusionsOverall, the distribution of electric field is highly dependent upon the electrode configuration, but the optimal configuration can be determined using numerical modeling. Our findings can help guide the clinical application of IRE as well as the selection of the best optimization algorithm to use in finding the optimal electrode configuration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.