SynthesisThe Cochrane database of systematic reviews2012
Trial of instrumental delivery in theatre versus immediate caesarean section for anticipated difficult assisted births.
Synthesis in The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Instruments for assisted vaginal birth.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Subdural haematoma in neonates following forceps-assisted delivery: case series and review of the literature.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2019Pooled it
- Maternal and perinatal outcomes after vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery versus second-stage caesarean delivery in a generalist-run rural district hospital: A retrospective cohort study.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2026Article
- Maternal morbidity following a trial of labor after cesarean birth: A scoping review of operative vaginal birth compared with cesarean birth in the second stage of labor.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
- Influencing Factor Analysis and Prediction Model of Emergency Caesarean Delivery for Advanced-Age Nulliparous Women at the Time of Hospitalization.Journal of family & reproductive health · 2024Article
- What matters to migrant women during labor and birth: Chinese mothers' experiences in Switzerland.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Babies in occiput posterior position are significantly more likely to require an emergency cesarean birth compared with babies in occiput transverse position in the second stage of labor: A prospective observational study.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2020Observational
- Comparison of Caesarean sections and instrumental deliveries at full cervical dilatation: a retrospective review.Singapore medical journal · 2019Article
- Observational
- Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes by Attempted Mode of Operative Delivery From a Low Station in the Second Stage of Labor.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2015Article
- Factors influencing the likelihood of instrumental delivery success.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2014Article
- Resistance to local anaesthetics administered via epidural, intrathecal and pudendal injections.Anaesthesia reportsArticle
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe majority of women have spontaneous vaginal births, but some women need assistance in the second stage with delivery of the baby, using either the obstetric forceps or vacuum extraction. Rates of instrumental vaginal delivery range from 5% to 20% of all births in industrialised countries. The majority of instrumental vaginal deliveries are conducted in the delivery room, but in a small proportion (2% to 5%), a trial of instrumental vaginal delivery is conducted in theatre with preparations made for proceeding to caesarean section.
objectivesTo determine differences in maternal and neonatal morbidity between women who, due to anticipated difficulty, have trial of instrumental vaginal delivery in theatre and those who have immediate caesarean section for failure to progress in the second stage. SEARCH
methodsWe searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (28 June 2012). SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials comparing trial of instrumental vaginal delivery (vacuum extraction or forceps) in operating theatre to immediate caesarean section for women with failure to progress in the second stage (active second stage more than 60 minutes in primigravidae). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We identified no studies meeting our inclusion criteria. MAIN
resultsNo studies were included. AUTHORS'
conclusionsThere is no current evidence from randomised trials to influence practice.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.