ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2013
Narrowly versus broadly defined autism spectrum disorders: differences in pre- and perinatal risk factors.
Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prenatal maternal psychological distress and the risk of autism spectrum disorders in offspring: results from a meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Prenatal maternal stress and risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2019Pooled it
- Maternal smoking and autism spectrum disorder: meta-analysis with population smoking metrics as moderators.Scientific reports · 2017Pooled it
- Impaired Gas Exchange at Birth and Risk of Intellectual Disability and Autism: A Meta-analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2016Pooled it
- A Meta-Analysis of Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy and Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk in Offspring.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2015Pooled it
- Maternal Smoking and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2015Pooled it
- Prenatal, perinatal and parental risk factors for autism spectrum disorder in China: a case- control study.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Investigating the borders of autism spectrum disorder: lessons from the former diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- Maternal risk factors vary between subpopulations of children with autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2022Article
- Autism Spectrum Disorder and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Early-Life Environmental and Child Factors Associated with the Presence of Disruptive Behaviors in Seven-Year-Old Children with Autistic Traits in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2022Article
- A biomarker-based study of prenatal smoking exposure and autism in a Finnish national birth cohort.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2021Article
- Prenatal maternal infections and children's socioemotional development: findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2021Article
- Critical Role of the Maternal Immune System in the Pathogenesis of Autism Spectrum Disorder.Biomedicines · 2020Review
- An Overview of the Main Genetic, Epigenetic and Environmental Factors Involved in Autism Spectrum Disorder Focusing on Synaptic Activity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Review
- Familial confounding of the association between maternal smoking in pregnancy and autism spectrum disorder in offspring.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2020Article
- The contribution of environmental exposure to the etiology of autism spectrum disorder.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2019Review
- Maternal smoking during pregnancy and autism: using causal inference methods in a birth cohort study.Translational psychiatry · 2018Article
- Maternal Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Offspring: A Retrospective Analysis of the Millennium Cohort Study.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study examined the differential contribution of pre- and perinatal risks in narrowly versus broadly defined autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and across core symptom domains, IQ and co-morbid problems. Children with a DSM-IV diagnosis of autistic disorder (AD) (n = 121) or pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) (n = 75) were compared to a typical control sample (n = 311). Diagnoses were based on extensive assessments between 12 and 49 months of age (M = 33.3, SD = 6.4) and re-evaluated at 43-98 months (M = 68.1, SD = 10.7) in 70% of the cases. Compared with controls, cases with ASD were more likely to be firstborn and show a suboptimal condition after birth. Case mothers reported more infections and more stress during pregnancy. Although the ASD subgroups showed mostly overlapping risks, cases with PDD-NOS differed from those with AD by higher exposure to smoking during pregnancy (SDP) and by a negative association of smoking with IQ, regardless of confounders. SDP appears to contribute more to broadly defined (PDD-NOS) than to narrowly defined ASD (AD). Findings suggest differences in etiological contributors between ASD phenotypes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.