Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23076327›Full record

ReviewVirulence2012

Phage-bacterial interactions in the evolution of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae.

Shah M Faruque, John J Mekalanos

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Virulence, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
85citing papers in PubMed
7.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

85 citing papers in PubMed, 181 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Prophage-Derived Molecules as Anti-Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. A 3'UTR-derived small RNA modulates the life cycle of the cholera toxin-encoding filamentous phage, CTXϕ.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Jumbo phage-mediated transduction of genomic islands.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  10. Lineage-specific defence systems of pandemicPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Hot Spots of Site-Specific Integration into theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Shah M FaruqueCentre for Food and Waterborne Diseases, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. faruque@icddrb.org
John J Mekalanos
Harvard University · USWaterborne Environmental (United States) · US

Funding

Phages and Genomic Variation in Vibrio Cholerae EvolutionR01GM068851 · NIGMS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI MEKALANOS, JOHN JOSEPH · 2003 to 2015
$3.9M
Genetic and Ecological Factors in Transmissibility and Epidemic Cycle of CholeraR01AI070963 · NIAID · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI MEKALANOS, JOHN JOSEPH · 2007 to 2010
$1.3M
NIAID NIH HHS AI070963-01A1NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI070963NIGMS NIH HHS 2R01-GM068851NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM068851
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding the genetic and ecological factors which support the emergence of new clones of pathogenic bacteria is vital to develop preventive measures. Vibrio cholerae the causative agent of cholera epidemics represents a paradigm for this process in that this organism evolved from environmental non-pathogenic strains by acquisition of virulence genes. The major virulence factors of V. cholerae, cholera toxin (CT) and toxin coregulated pilus (TCP) are encoded by a lysogenic bacteriophage (CTXφ) and a pathogenicity island, respectively. Additional phages which cooperate with the CTXφ in horizontal transfer of genes in V. cholerae have been characterized, and the potential exists for discovering yet new phages or genetic elements which support the transfer of genes for environmental fitness and virulence leading to the emergence of new epidemic strains. Phages have also been shown to play a crucial role in modulating seasonal cholera epidemics. Thus, the complex array of natural phenomena driving the evolution of pathogenic V. cholerae includes, among other factors, phages that either participate in horizontal gene transfer or in a bactericidal selection process favoring the emergence of new clones of V. cholerae.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionHost-Parasite InteractionsBacteriophagesCholera ToxinFimbriae ProteinsGene Transfer, HorizontalGenomic IslandsHumansProphagesSelection, GeneticVibrio choleraeVirulence FactorsCholera ToxinFimbriae ProteinsVirulence Factorsbacterial evolutionbacteriophageCTX phagefilamentous phagelytic vibriophageVibrio choleraevirulence genes

Identifiers

PMID23076327
PMCPMC3545932
OpenAlexW2169223853

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.