Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23074027›Full record

ArticleMagnetic resonance in medicine2012

Natural D-glucose as a biodegradable MRI contrast agent for detecting cancer.

Kannie W Y Chan, Michael T McMahon, Yoshinori Kato, Guanshu Liu, Jeff W M Bulte, Zaver M Bhujwalla, Dmitri Artemov, Peter C M van Zijl

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02796729 (Detection of Metastatic Brain Tumours Using Dynamic Glucose Enhanced MRI After D-glucose Injection), which is not on this map. Cited by 219 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
219citing papers in PubMed
10.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02796729 phase2terminatednot on this mapstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

Detection of Metastatic Brain Tumours Using Dynamic Glucose Enhanced MRI After D-glucose Injection

TypeinterventionalSponsorBritish Columbia Cancer AgencyRan2016 to 2018Enrolled3ConditionsBrain Neoplasms, Malignant, MetastasisArmsMagnetic resonance imaging, Gadovist (Gadobutrol), 50% dextrose solution
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

219 citing papers in PubMed, 333 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Dynamic glucose-enhanced MRI in brain tumors.Magma (New York, N.Y.) · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
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  8. Clinical MR Biomarkers.Recent results in cancer research. Fortschritte der Krebsforschung. Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
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  12. Review
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  14. The glymphatic system in Huntington's disease.Journal of Huntington's disease · 2025
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. CEST MRI in the Management/Diagnosis of Neuroinfectious Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

159 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Kannie W Y ChanRussell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Michael T McMahon
Yoshinori Kato
Guanshu Liu
Jeff W M Bulte
Zaver M Bhujwalla
Dmitri Artemov
Peter C M van Zijl
Johns Hopkins Medicine · USJohns Hopkins University · USKennedy Krieger Institute · USSidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center · US

Funding

Theranostic Imaging of Metastatic Prostate CancerP50CA103175 · NCI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI BARKER, PETER B · 2003 to 2015
$17.9M
11.7T Horizontal Bore Animal ScannerS10RR028955 · NCRR · HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER · PI VAN ZIJL, PETER CM · 2010 to 2010
$4.2M
Novel Approaches for CEST Labeling, Detection, Quantification and TranslationR01EB015032 · NIBIB · HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER · PI VAN ZIJL, PETER CM · 2011 to 2019
$3.9M
Multi-Color Exchange Transfer Imaging of Drug Delivery NanocarriersR01EB015031 · NIBIB · HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER · PI MCMAHON, MICHAEL T · 2011 to 2014
$2.4M
NCI NIH HHS P50 CA103175NCI NIH HHS P50CA103175NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR028955NCRR NIH HHS S10RR028955NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB015031NIBIB NIH HHS R01EB015031NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB015032NIBIB NIH HHS R01EB015032
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeModern imaging technologies such as CT, PET, SPECT, and MRI employ contrast agents to visualize the tumor microenvironment, providing information on malignancy and response to treatment. Currently, all clinical imaging agents require chemical labeling, i.e. with iodine (CT), radioisotopes (PET/SPECT), or paramagnetic metals (MRI). The goal was to explore the possibility of using simple D-glucose as an infusable biodegradable MRI agent for cancer detection.

methodsD-glucose signals were detected using chemical exchange saturation transfer (glucoCEST) MRI of its hydroxyl groups. Feasibility was established in phantoms as well as in vivo using two human breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, implanted orthotopically in nude mice. PET and contrast-enhanced MRI were also acquired.

resultsBoth tumor types exhibited significant glucoCEST signal enhancement during systemic sugar infusion (mild hyperglycemia), allowing their noninvasive visualization. GlucoCEST showed differences between types, while PET and CE-MRI did not. Data are discussed in terms of signal contributions from the increased vascular volume in tumors and especially from the acidic extracellular extravascular space (EES), where glucoCEST signal is expected to be enhanced due to a slow down of hydroxyl proton exchange.

conclusionsThis observation opens up the possibility for using simple non-toxic sugars as contrast agents for cancer detection with MRI by employing hydroxyl protons as a natural label.

Indexed as

GlucoseAbsorbable ImplantsAnimalsBreast NeoplasmsCell Line, TumorContrast MediaFeasibility StudiesFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMiceMice, NudeReproducibility of ResultsSensitivity and SpecificityContrast MediaGlucose

Identifiers

PMID23074027
PMCPMC3505108
OpenAlexW2089795796

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.