ArticleFASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology2013
Toll-like receptor 2 ligands promote microglial cell death by inducing autophagy.
Article in FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the Potential Mechanism of Oxymatrine in Alleviating Heat Stress Injury Based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and In Vitro Validation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- ImpairedNature communications · 2026Article
- Anti-TLR2 immunotherapy modulates neuron-to-oligodendrocyte propagation of α-synuclein in mouse and human models.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The food grade bacterium Lactobacillus helveticus VEL12193 promotes autophagy by releasing membrane vesicles.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Microglial repopulation reverses radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction by restoring medial prefrontal cortex activity and modulating leukotriene-C4 synthesis.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Enhancing autophagy mitigates LPS-induced neuroinflammation by inhibiting microglial M1 polarization and neuronophagocytosis.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Article
- Molecular Regulation Mechanism of Microglial Autophagy in the Pathology of Alzheimer's Disease.Aging and disease · 2023Review
- Ascorbic acid along with ciprofloxacin regulates S. aureus induced microglial inflammatory responses and oxidative stress through TLR-2 and glucocorticoid receptor modulation.Inflammopharmacology · 2022Article
- Exploring the Role ofToxins · 2022Review
- Spinal Cord Injury Leads to Hippocampal Glial Alterations and Neural Stem Cell Inactivation.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- Reciprocal interactions between gut microbiota and autophagy.World journal of gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis: Role of Autophagy and Mitophagy Focusing in Microglia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- αB-Crystallin Alleviates Endotoxin-Induced Retinal Inflammation and Inhibits Microglial Activation and Autophagy.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Treatment With Calcineurin Inhibitor FK506 Attenuates Noise-Induced Hearing Loss.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Autophagy inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Toll-Like Receptor 2-Mediated Autophagy Promotes Microglial Cell Death by Modulating the Microglial M1/M2 Phenotype.Inflammation · 2020Article
- Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Otitis Media.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Article
- Alpha-synuclein fibrils recruit TBK1 and OPTN to lysosomal damage sites and induce autophagy in microglial cells.Journal of cell science · 2018Article
- Immune Cells After Ischemic Stroke Onset: Roles, Migration, and Target Intervention.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Microglial cells are phagocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) and become activated in pathological conditions, resulting in microgliosis, manifested by increased cell numbers and inflammation in the affected regions. Thus, controlling microgliosis is important to prevent pathological damage to the brain. Here, we evaluated the contribution of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) to microglial survival. We observed that activation of microglial cells with peptidoglycan (PGN) from Staphylococcus aureus and other TLR2 ligands results in cell activation followed by the induction of autophagy and autophagy-dependent cell death. In C57BL/6J mice, intracerebral injection of PGN increased the autophagy of microglial cells and reduced the microglial/macrophage cell number in brain parenchyma. Our results demonstrate a novel role of TLRs in the regulation of microglial cell activation and survival, which are important for the control of microgliosis and associated inflammatory responses in the CNS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.