ArticleNeuromolecular medicine2013
Hypoxia markers are expressed in interneurons exposed to recurrent seizures.
Article in Neuromolecular medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hypoxia-inducible factor signaling regulates embryonic interneuron development, GRIN2B expression and adult cortical function.Developmental cell · 2026Article
- Diaphragm 'atonia' during ictal and post-ictal apnoea: A case report.Clinical neurophysiology practice · 2026Article
- The Role of HIF-1α/BNIP3 Pathway in Hippocampal Neuronal Autophagy in Epilepsy.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Persistent Postictal Central Apnea in Focal Seizures: Incidence, Features, and Imaging Findings.Neurology · 2025Article
- Anti-GAD65 Antibodies Related Refractory Epilepsy Successfully Treated with Tocilizumab: A Case Report and Systematic Literature Review.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Article
- Circumscribing Laser Cuts Attenuate Seizure Propagation in a Mouse Model of Focal Epilepsy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Staining Hypoxic Areas of Frozen and FFPE Tissue Sections with Hypoxyprobe™.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Unexplained Causes of Glioma-Associated Epilepsies: A Review of Theories and an Area for Research.Cancers · 2023Review
- Review
- The Association between Hypoxia-Induced Low Activity and Apoptosis Strongly Resembles That between TTX-Induced Silencing and Apoptosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Downregulation of miR-210 Promoted Apoptosis of Hippocampal Neurons by Negatively Regulating the TLR4/NF-кB1 Signaling Pathway in a Rat Model of Status Epilepticus.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2022Article
- Relationship between Delta Rhythm, Seizure Occurrence and Allopregnanolone Hippocampal Levels in Epileptic Rats Exposed to the Rebound Effect.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Carnosine and L-arginine attenuate the downregulation of brain monoamines and gamma aminobutyric acid; reverse apoptosis and upregulate the expression of angiogenic factors in a model of hemic hypoxia in rats.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2020Article
- The Neuroprotective Effect ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channels, Calcium Binding Proteins, and Their Interaction in the Pathological Process of Epilepsy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- A Hydroxypyrone-Based Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-12 Displays Neuroprotective Properties in BothInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Role of Damage Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules (DAMPs) in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (aSAH).International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Early Gabapentin Treatment during the Latency Period Increases Convulsive Threshold, Reduces Microglial Activation and Macrophage Infiltration in the Lithium-Pilocarpine Model of Epilepsy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An early but transient decrease in oxygen availability occurs during experimentally induced seizures. Using pimonidazole, which probes hypoxic insults, we found that by increasing the duration of pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) from 30 to 120 min, counts of pimonidazole-immunoreactive neurons also increased (P < 0.01, 120 vs 60 and 30 min). All the animals exposed to SE were immunopositive to pimonidazole, but a different scenario emerged during epileptogenesis when a decrease in pimonidazole-immunostained cells occurred from 7 to 14 days, so that only 1 out of 4 rats presented with pimonidazole-immunopositive cells. Pimonidazole-immunoreactive cells robustly reappeared at 21 days post-SE induction when all animals (7 out of 7) had developed spontaneous recurrent seizures. Specific neuronal markers revealed that immunopositivity to pimonidazole was present in cells identified by neuropeptide Y (NPY) or somatostatin antibodies. At variance, neurons immunopositive to parvalbumin or cholecystokinin were not immunopositive to pimonidazole. Pimonidazole-immunopositive neurons expressed remarkable immunoreactivity to hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). Interestingly, surgical samples obtained from pharmacoresistant patients showed neurons co-labeled by HIF-1α and NPY antibodies. These interneurons, along with parvalbumin-positive interneurons that were negative to HIF-1α, showed immunopositivity to markers of cell damage, such as high-mobility group box 1 in the cytoplasm and cleaved caspase-3 in the nucleus. These findings suggest that interneurons are continuously endangered in rodent and human epileptogenic tissue. The presence of hypoxia and cell damage markers in NPY interneurons of rats and patients presenting with recurrent seizures indicates a mechanism of selective vulnerability in a specific neuronal subpopulation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.