ArticleBulletin of mathematical biology2012
Hypoxia inducible factors-mediated inhibition of cancer by GM-CSF: a mathematical model.
Article in Bulletin of mathematical biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Macrophage polarization as a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis: a dynamic stochastic modelling study.Royal Society open science · 2022Article
- TGF-β inhibition can overcome cancer primary resistance to PD-1 blockade: A mathematical model.PloS one · 2021Article
- Targeting Mitochondrial Singlet Oxygen Dynamics Offers New Perspectives for Effective Metabolic Therapies of Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Mathematical modelling of trastuzumab-induced immune response in an in vivo murine model of HER2+ breast cancer.Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA · 2019Article
- How to schedule VEGF and PD-1 inhibitors in combination cancer therapy?BMC systems biology · 2019Article
- Combination therapy for melanoma with BRAF/MEK inhibitor and immune checkpoint inhibitor: a mathematical model.BMC systems biology · 2017Article
- Mathematical model on Alzheimer's disease.BMC systems biology · 2016Article
- Melanoma exosome induction of endothelial cell GM-CSF in pre-metastatic lymph nodes may result in different M1 and M2 macrophage mediated angiogenic processes.Medical hypotheses · 2016Article
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- Involvement of tumor macrophage HIFs in chemotherapy effectiveness: mathematical modeling of oxygen, pH, and glutathione.PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Under hypoxia, tumor cells, and tumor-associated macrophages produce VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), a signaling molecule that induces angiogenesis. The same macrophages, when treated with GM-CSF (granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor), produce sVEGFR-1 (soluble VEGF receptor-1), a soluble protein that binds with VEGF and inactivates its function. The production of VEGF by macrophages is regulated by HIF-1α (hypoxia inducible factor-1α), and the production of sVEGFR-1 is mediated by HIF-2α. Recent experiments measured the effect of inhibiting tumor growth by GM-CSF treatment in mice with HIF-1α-deficient or HIF-2α-deficient macrophages. In the present paper, we represent these experiments by a mathematical model based on a system of partial differential equations. We show that the model simulations agree with the above experiments. The model can then be used to suggest strategies for inhibiting tumor growth. For example, the model qualitatively predicts the extent to which GM-CSF treatment in combination with a small molecule inhibitor that stabilizes HIF-2α will reduce tumor volume and angiogenesis.
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