ArticlePloS one2012
Increased T regulatory cells are associated with adverse clinical features and predict progression in multiple myeloma.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- CD8Leukemia · 2024Trial
- Regulatory T-cell depletion in the setting of autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma: pilot study.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2020Trial
- Multiple myeloma patients in long-term complete response after autologous stem cell transplantation express a particular immune signature with potential prognostic implication.Bone marrow transplantation · 2017Trial
- Immunomodulatory effect of DC/CIK combined with chemotherapy in multiple myeloma and the clinical efficacy.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2015Trial
- SSTNSignal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- The mechanisms of regulatory T cells in the immune microenvironment of multiple myeloma and clinical significance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Trends in multiple myeloma and cardiovascular disease-related mortality among older adults in the United States, 1999 to 2023: a CDC wonder database analysis.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- T cell phenotype and clonality changes in myeloma patients with short overall survival.JCI insight · 2025Article
- T Cells Dysfunction in Multiple Myeloma.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Review
- Pomalidomide in patients with multiple myeloma: potential impact on the reconstitution of a functional T-cell immunity.Immunologic research · 2024Article
- Clinical and immunological characteristics of high-risk double-hit multiple myeloma.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Treg-derived TGF-β1 dampens cGAS-STING signaling to downregulate the expression of class I MHC complex in multiple myeloma.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Role of Immune Cells and Immunotherapy in Multiple Myeloma.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Deep Learning Enables Spatial Mapping of the Mosaic Microenvironment of Myeloma Bone Marrow Trephine Biopsies.Cancer research · 2024Article
- What happens to regulatory T cells in multiple myeloma.Cell death discovery · 2023Review
- Identification of a novel cuproptosis-related gene signature for multiple myeloma diagnosis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Article
- Monoclonal Gammopathies and the Bone Marrow Microenvironment: From Bench to Bedside and Then Back Again.Hematology reports · 2023Review
- Treating Multiple Myeloma in the Context of the Bone Marrow Microenvironment.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Review
- Review
- The Role of T Cell Immunity in Monoclonal Gammopathy and Multiple Myeloma: From Immunopathogenesis to Novel Therapeutic Approaches.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRegulatory T (Treg) cells play an important role in the maintenance of immune system homeostasis. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder frequently associated with impaired immune cell numbers and functions.
methodsWe analyzed Treg cells in peripheral blood (n = 207) and bone marrow (n = 202) of pre-malignant and malignant MM patients using flow cytometry. Treg cells and their subsets from MM patients and healthy volunteers were functionally evaluated for their suppressive property. A cohort of 25 patients was analyzed for lymphocytes, CD4 T cells and Treg cells before and after treatment with cyclophosphamide, thalidomide plus dexamethasone (CTD).
resultsWe found elevated frequencies of Treg cells in newly diagnosed (P<0.01) and relapsed MM patients (P<0.0001) compared to healthy volunteers. Also, Treg subsets including naïve (P = 0.015) and activated (P = 0.036) Treg cells were significantly increased in MM patients compared to healthy volunteers. Functional studies showed that Treg cells and their subsets from both MM and healthy volunteers were similar in their inhibitory function. Significantly increased frequencies of Treg cells were found in MM patients with adverse clinical features such as hypercalcemia (>10 mg/dL), decreased normal plasma cell (≤5%) count and IgA myeloma subtype. We also showed that MM patients with ≥5% of Treg cells had inferior time to progression (TTP) (13 months vs. median not reached; P = 0.013). Furthermore, we demonstrated the prognostic value of Treg cells in prediction of TTP by Cox regression analysis (P = 0.045). CTD treatment significantly reduced frequencies of CD4 T cells (P = 0.001) and Treg cells (P = 0.018) but not Treg cells/CD4 T cells ratio compared to pre-treatment.
conclusionsOur study showed immune deregulation in MM patients which is evidenced by elevated level of functionally active Treg cells and patients with increased Treg cells have higher risk of progression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.