ArticlePloS one2012
New genotypes of Orientia tsutsugamushi isolated from humans in Eastern Taiwan.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- A New Gilliam Genotypic Variant ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Environmental, Occupational, and Demographic Risk Factors for Clinical Scrub Typhus, Bhutan.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
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- Molecular characterization and evolutionary analysis of Orientia tsutsugamushi in eastern Indian population.Archives of microbiology · 2022Article
- Article
- Diagnosis of scrub typhus: recent advancements and challenges.3 Biotech · 2020Review
- Representative Genotyping, Recombination and Evolutionary Dynamics Analysis ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- Molecular characterization ofNew microbes and new infections · 2019Article
- Clinical and Epidemiological Patterns of Scrub Typhus, an Emerging Disease in Bhutan.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2019Article
- Evaluation of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Using Recombinant 56-kDa Type-Specific Antigens Derived from MultipleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2019Article
- Analysis of the 56-kDa type specific antigen gene of Orientia tsutsugamushi from northern Vietnam.PloS one · 2019Article
- An Update on Host-Pathogen Interplay and Modulation of Immune Responses during Orientia tsutsugamushi Infection.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2018Review
- Complexity of type-specific 56 kDa antigen CD4 T-cell epitopes of Orientia tsutsugamushi strains causing scrub typhus in India.PloS one · 2018Article
- The Re-Emergence and Emergence of Vector-Borne Rickettsioses in Taiwan.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2017Review
- Diversification of Orientia tsutsugamushi genotypes by intragenic recombination and their potential expansion in endemic areas.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Article
- Use of eschar swabbing for the molecular diagnosis and genotyping of Orientia tsutsugamushi causing scrub typhus in Quang Nam province, Vietnam.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Article
- Scrub typhus: risks, diagnostic issues, and management challenges.Research and reports in tropical medicine · 2017Review
- Scrub Typhus Leading to Acute Encephalitis Syndrome, Assam, India.Emerging infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Rapid Increase in Scrub Typhus Incidence in Mainland China, 2006-2014.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2016Article
- Molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of Orientia tsutsugamushi from patients with scrub typhus in 3 regions of India.Emerging infectious diseases · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Scrub typhus, an acute febrile illness, is caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi. In our study, O. tsutsugamushi was rapidly detected and typed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the 56-kDa type-specific antigen (TSA) gene. To investigate the genotypes of clinical variants of O. tsutsugamushi, we collected 3223 blood samples from eastern Taiwanese patients with suspected scrub typhus from 2002 to 2008. In total, 505 samples were found to be positive for scrub typhus infection by PCR, and bacteria were isolated from 282 of them. Four prototype genotype strains (Karp, Kato, Kawasaki and Gilliam) and eleven different Taiwanese genotype isolates (Taiwan-A, -B, -C, -D, -E, -G, -H, -J, -N, -O and -P) were identified by RPLF analysis. Taiwan-H, the major genotype in eastern Taiwan, exhibited prevalence and isolation rates of 47.3% (239/505) and 42.6% (120/282), respectively. We also assessed the genetic relatedness of the 56-kDa TSA gene among eight Taiwan-H isolates, thirteen other Taiwanese isolates and 104 DNA sequences deposited in the GenBank database using MEGA version 5.0 and PHYLIP version 3.66. We found that the Taiwan-H isolates formed into a new cluster, which was designated the Taiwan Gilliam-variant (TG-v) cluster to distinguish it from the Japanese Gilliam-variant (JG-v) cluster. According to Simplot analysis, TG-v is a new recombinant strain among Gilliam, Ikeda and Kato. Moreover, the Gilliam-Kawasaki cluster had the highest percentage of RFLP cases and was the most frequently isolated type in eastern Taiwan (50.1%, 253/505; 44.0%, 124/282). These findings shed light on the genetic evolution of O. tsutsugamushi into different strains and may be useful in vaccine development and epidemic disease control in the future.
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