ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2013
Efficacy of ethanol against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus polymicrobial biofilms.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preemptive Ethanol Lock Therapy in Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Patients With Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infection: Impact on Length of Stay, Cost, and Catheter Salvage.Clinical pediatrics · 2018Trial
- Understanding Heterogeneity and Tolerance of Dual Candida albicans-Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms to Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Antimicrobial Combinations.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Unravelling azole resistance in fungal pathogens: molecular mechanisms, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic strategies.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Review
- Differences of microbial growth and biofilm formation among periprosthetic joint infection-causing species: an animal study.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2025Article
- Comparing the in Vitro Efficacy of Commonly Used Surgical Irrigants for the Treatment of Implant-Associated Infections.The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume · 2025Article
- Heterogeneity of Biofilm Formation AmongAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Profiles of Killer Systems and Volatile Organic Compounds of Rowanberry and Rosehip-Inhabiting Yeasts Substantiate Implications for Biocontrol.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Impact of Intravenous Fat Emulsion Choice on Candida Biofilm, Hyphal Growth, and Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections in Pediatric Patients.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- A High-Throughput Microtiter Plate Screening Assay to Quantify and Differentiate Species in Dual-Species Biofilms.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Effect of various concentrations of common organic solvents on the growth and proliferation ability ofPeerJ · 2023Article
- 4-Chloro-2-Isopropyl-5-Methylphenol Exhibits Antimicrobial and Adjuvant Activity against Methicillin-ResistantJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Real-time monitoring of mono- and dual-species biofilm formation and eradication using microfluidic platform.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Sub-Inhibitory Concentrations of Ciprofloxacin Alone and Combinations with Plant-Derived Compounds againstAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Recent Developments in the Immobilization of Laccase on Carbonaceous Supports for Environmental Applications - A Critical Review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Review
- Metabolic Adaptations DuringFrontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Article
- Antibiofilm activities of ceragenins and antimicrobial peptides against fungal-bacterial mono and multispecies biofilms.The Journal of antibiotics · 2020Article
- Azalomycin FInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Antimicrobial Photoinactivation Using Visible Light Plus Water-Filtered Infrared-A (VIS + wIRA) and Hypericum Perforatum Modifies In Situ Oral Biofilms.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- [Research progress on interactions between Candida albicans and common oral pathogens].Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Candida albicans, an opportunistic fungus, and Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterial pathogen, are two clinically relevant biofilm-forming microbes responsible for a majority of catheter-related infections, with such infections often resulting in catheter loss and removal. Not only do these pathogens cause a substantial number of nosocomial infections independently, but also they are frequently found coexisting as polymicrobial biofilms on host and environmental surfaces. Antimicrobial lock therapy is a current strategy to sterilize infected catheters. However, the robustness of this technique against polymicrobial biofilms has remained largely untested. Due to its antimicrobial activity, safety, stability, and affordability, we tested the hypothesis that ethanol (EtOH) could serve as a potentially efficacious catheter lock solution against C. albicans and S. aureus biofilms. Therefore, we optimized the dose and time necessary to achieve killing of both monomicrobial and polymicrobial biofilms formed on polystyrene and silicone surfaces in a static microplate lock therapy model. Treatment with 30% EtOH for a minimum of 4 h was inhibitory for monomicrobial and polymicrobial biofilms, as evidenced by XTT {sodium 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide inner salt} metabolic activity assays and confocal microscopy. Experiments to determine the regrowth of microorganisms on silicone after EtOH treatment were also performed. Importantly, incubation with 30% EtOH for 4 h was sufficient to kill and inhibit the growth of C. albicans, while 50% EtOH was needed to completely inhibit the regrowth of S. aureus. In summary, we have systematically defined the dose and duration of EtOH treatment that are effective against and prevent regrowth of C. albicans and S. aureus monomicrobial and polymicrobial biofilms in an in vitro lock therapy model.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.