ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2012
High-normal blood pressure and long-term risk of type 2 diabetes: 35-year prospective population based cohort study of men.
Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-term effects of blood pressure 130-139/80-89 mmHg on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among Chinese adults with different glucose metabolism.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Article
- Are Overweight and Obesity Risk Factors for Developing Metabolic Syndrome or Hypertension after a Preeclamptic Event?Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Prevalence of hyperglycemia in masters athletes.PeerJ · 2022Article
- Life-course blood pressure trajectories and incident diabetes: A longitudinal cohort in a Chinese population.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- The risk factors of type 2 diabetes in hypertensive subjects.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- The Interdependence of Blood Pressure and Glucose in Vietnam.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2021Article
- Anti-hypertensive medication access and affordability and their association with blood pressure control at a teaching hospital in Ghana.The Pan African medical journal · 2021Article
- Association of risk factors with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2021Review
- Insulin Resistance the Hinge Between Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2020Review
- Article
- Risk of developing pre-diabetes or diabetes over time in a cohort of Mexican health workers.PloS one · 2020Article
- Risk of developing type 2 diabetes according to blood pressure levels and presence or absence of hypertensive treatment: the Saku study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2019Article
- Article
- Different combinations of glucose tolerance and blood pressure status and incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality events.Journal of human hypertension · 2017Article
- Hypertension with diabetes mellitus: significance from an epidemiological perspective for Japanese.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2017Review
- Time-cumulated blood pressure exposure and incident impairment of glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2017Article
- Different Combinations of Glucose Tolerance and Blood Pressure Status and Incident Diabetes, Hypertension, and Chronic Kidney Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2016Observational
- Hypertension is an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes: the Korean genome and epidemiology study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe link between type 2 diabetes and hypertension is well established and the conditions often coexist. High normal blood pressure, defined by WHO-ISH as systolic blood pressure (SBP) 130-139 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 85-89 mm Hg, has been found to be an independent predictor for type 2 diabetes in studies, although with relatively limited follow-up periods of approximately 10 years. The aim of this study was to investigate whether hypertension, including mildly elevated blood pressure within the normal range, predicted subsequent development of type 2 diabetes in men over an extended follow-up of 35 years.
methodsData were derived from the Gothenburg Primary Prevention Study where a random sample of 7 494 men aged 47-55 years underwent a baseline screening investigation in the period 1970-1973. A total of 7 333 men were free from previous history of diabetes at baseline. During a 35-year follow-up diabetes was identified through the Swedish hospital discharge and death registries. The cumulative risk of diabetes adjusted for age and competing risk of death was calculated. Using Cox proportional hazard models we calculated the multiple adjusted hazard ratios (HR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) for diabetes at different blood pressure levels.
resultsDuring a 35-year follow-up, 956 men (13%) were identified with diabetes. The 35-year cumulative risk of diabetes after adjusting for age and competing risk of death in men with SBP levels <130 mm Hg, 130-139 mm Hg, 140-159 mm Hg and ≥160 mm Hg were 19%, 30%, 31% and 49%, respectively. The HR for diabetes adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), cholesterol, antihypertensive treatment, smoking, physical activity and occupation were 1.43 (95% CI 1.12-1.84), 1.43 (95% CI 1.14-1.79) and 1.95 (95% CI 1.55-2.46) for men with SBP 130-139 mm Hg, 140-159 mm Hg, and ≥ 160 mm Hg, respectively (reference; SBP<130 mm Hg).
conclusionIn this population, at mid-life, even high-normal SBP levels were shown to be a significant predictor of type 2 diabetes, independently of BMI and other conventional type 2 diabetes risk factors over an extended follow-up.
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