Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23066428›Full record

ArticleWiley interdisciplinary reviews. Computational molecular science2012

Recent Developments and Applications of the CHARMM force fields.

Xiao Zhu, Pedro E M Lopes, Alexander D Mackerell

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Computational molecular science, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
91citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

91 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Guidelines for Comparing Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Biomolecules.Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. In Silico Analysis of CMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from the Leaves ofJournal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Theophylline as a quorum sensing and biofilm inhibitor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Chromobacterium violaceum.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Xiao ZhuDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201.
Pedro E M Lopes
Alexander D Mackerell

Funding

Polarizable Force Field for Proteins and LipidsR01GM072558 · NIGMS · WEILL MEDICAL COLLEGE OF CORNELL UNIV · PI ROUX, BENOIT · 2005 to 2023
$5.1M
Oligonucleotide Conformational HeterogeneityR01GM051501 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI MACKERELL, ALEXANDER D · 2003 to 2018
$3.6M
Carbohydrate force fields for structure, dynamics and molecular recognitionR01GM070855 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI MACKERELL, ALEXANDER D · 2005 to 2018
$3.5M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM051501NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM070855NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM072558
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Empirical force fields commonly used to describe the condensed phase properties of complex systems such as biological macromolecules are continuously being updated. Improvements in quantum mechanical (QM) methods used to generate target data, availability of new experimental target data, incorporation of new classes of compounds and new theoretical developments (eg. polarizable methods) make force-field development a dynamic domain of research. Accordingly, a number of improvements and extensions of the CHARMM force fields have occurred over the years. The objective of the present review is to provide an up-to-date overview of the CHARMM force fields. A limited presentation on the historical aspects of force fields will be given, including underlying methodologies and principles, along with a brief description of the strategies used for parameter development. This is followed by information on the CHARMM additive and polarizable force fields, including examples of recent applications of those force fields.

Identifiers

PMID23066428
PMCPMC3468154

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.