Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23063438›Full record

ArticleCurrent biology : CB2012

Identical genomic organization of two hemichordate hox clusters.

Robert Freeman, Tetsuro Ikuta, Michael Wu, Ryo Koyanagi, Takeshi Kawashima, Kunifumi Tagawa, Tom Humphreys, Guang-Chen Fang, Asao Fujiyama, Hidetoshi Saiga and 8 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current biology : CB, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Sea CucumberResearch square · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Expression of HOX Cluster Genes in Early Larval Development of Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius (Echinodermata, Echinoidea).Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Seeking Sense in the Hox Gene Cluster.Journal of developmental biology · 2022
    Review
  6. Illusional Perspective across Humans and Bees.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Review
  7. Article
  8. The Degenerate Tale of Ascidian Tails.Integrative and comparative biology · 2021
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Hox gene cluster of the ascidian,Zoological letters · 2017
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Evolution of Hox gene clusters in deuterostomes.BMC developmental biology · 2013
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 11 institutions in 2 countries.

Robert FreemanDepartment of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Tetsuro Ikuta
Michael Wu
Ryo Koyanagi
Takeshi Kawashima
Kunifumi Tagawa
Tom Humphreys
Guang-Chen Fang
Asao Fujiyama
Hidetoshi Saiga
Christopher Lowe
Kim Worley
Jerry Jenkins
Jeremy Schmutz
Marc Kirschner
Daniel Rokhsar
Nori Satoh
John Gerhart
Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University · JPUniversity of California, Berkeley · USHarvard University · USHudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology · USBaylor College of Medicine · USClemson University · USHiroshima University · JPNational Institute of Genetics · JPPacific University · USTokyo Metropolitan University · JPUniversity of Hawaii System · US

Funding

The Human Genome Sequencing CenterU54HG003273 · NHGRI · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI GIBBS, RICHARD A · 2004 to 2015
$341.3M
DEVELOPMENTAL CIRCUITS IN GASTRULATION AND NEURULATIONR01HD037277 · NICHD · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI KIRSCHNER, MARC WALLACE · 1999 to 2008
$4.5M
Hemichordates and the Origin of ChordatesR01HD042724 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI GERHART, JOHN C · 2002 to 2009
$1.7M
NHGRI NIH HHS U54 HG003273NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD037277NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD042724
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genomic comparisons of chordates, hemichordates, and echinoderms can inform hypotheses for the evolution of these strikingly different phyla from the last common deuterostome ancestor. Because hox genes play pivotal developmental roles in bilaterian animals, we analyzed the Hox complexes of two hemichordate genomes. We find that Saccoglossus kowalevskii and Ptychodera flava both possess 12-gene clusters, with mir10 between hox4 and hox5, in 550 kb and 452 kb intervals, respectively. Genes hox1-hox9/10 of the clusters are in the same genomic order and transcriptional orientation as their orthologs in chordates, with hox1 at the 3' end of the cluster. At the 5' end, each cluster contains three posterior genes specific to Ambulacraria (the hemichordate-echinoderm clade), two forming an inverted terminal pair. In contrast, the echinoderm Strongylocentrotus purpuratus contains a 588 kb cluster of 11 orthologs of the hemichordate genes, ordered differently, plausibly reflecting rearrangements of an ancestral hemichordate-like ambulacrarian cluster. Hox clusters of vertebrates and the basal chordate amphioxus have similar organization to the hemichordate cluster, but with different posterior genes. These results provide genomic evidence for a well-ordered complex in the deuterostome ancestor for the hox1-hox9/10 region, with the number and kind of posterior genes still to be elucidated.

Indexed as

Genes, HomeoboxGenomeMultigene FamilyAnimalsBiological EvolutionChordata, NonvertebrateMolecular Sequence DataPhylogenyTranscription, Genetic

Identifiers

PMID23063438
PMCPMC4524734
OpenAlexW2093928187

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.