Trial reportJournal of diabetes science and technology2012
Effect of insulin feedback on closed-loop glucose control: a crossover study.
Trial report in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03755479 (Evaluation of Minimed 670G Hybrid Closed Loop System On-Boarding Protocol, for Patients With Type 1 Diabetes on Multiple Daily Insulin Injection Therapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of Minimed 670G Hybrid Closed Loop System On-Boarding Protocol, for Patients With Type 1 Diabetes on Multiple Daily Insulin Injection Therapy
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Safety, metabolic and psychological outcomes of Medtronic MiniMed 670G in children, adolescents and young adults: a systematic review.European journal of pediatrics · 2023Pooled it
- Algorithms for a closed-loop artificial pancreas: the case for proportional-integral-derivative control.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2013Pooled it
- First Outpatient Clinical Trial of a Full Closed-Loop Artificial Pancreas System in South America.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2023Trial
- Optimizing Hybrid Closed-Loop Therapy in Adolescents and Emerging Adults Using the MiniMed 670G System.Diabetes care · 2018Trial
- Impact of erroneous meal insulin bolus with dual-hormone artificial pancreas using a simplified bolus strategy - A randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2018Trial
- Application of Zone Model Predictive Control Artificial Pancreas During Extended Use of Infusion Set and Sensor: A Randomized Crossover-Controlled Home-Use Trial.Diabetes care · 2017Trial
- Successful Application of Closed-Loop Artificial Pancreas Therapy After Islet Autotransplantation.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2016Trial
- Role of glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue versus amylin as an adjuvant therapy in type 1 diabetes in a closed loop setting with ePID algorithm.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2014Trial
- Outpatient glycemic control with a bionic pancreas in type 1 diabetes.The New England journal of medicine · 2014Trial
- Autonomous and continuous adaptation of a bihormonal bionic pancreas in adults and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2014Trial
- An integrated multivariable artificial pancreas control system.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2014Trial
- Effectiveness of early intensive therapy on β-cell preservation in type 1 diabetes.Diabetes care · 2013Trial
- Reduced hypoglycemia and increased time in target using closed-loop insulin delivery during nights with or without antecedent afternoon exercise in type 1 diabetes.Diabetes care · 2013Trial
- The effects of inpatient hybrid closed-loop therapy initiated within 1 week of type 1 diabetes diagnosis.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2013Trial
- Revolutionizing diabetes care: the role of artificial intelligence in prevention, diagnosis, and patient care.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- The Application of Digital Technologies and Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: An Overview on Nutrition Assessment.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Review
- Current Status and Emerging Options for Automated Insulin Delivery Systems.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2022Review
- Glucagon as a Therapeutic Approach to Severe Hypoglycemia: After 100 Years, Is It Still the Antidote of Insulin?Biomolecules · 2021Review
- The Closed-Loop System Improved the Control of a Pregnant Patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.Case reports in endocrinology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundClosed-loop (CL) insulin delivery systems utilizing proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers have demonstrated susceptibility to late postprandial hypoglycemia because of delays between insulin delivery and blood glucose (BG) response. An insulin feedback (IFB) modification to the PID algorithm has been introduced to mitigate this risk. We examined the effect of IFB on CL BG control.
methodsUsing the Medtronic ePID CL system, four subjects were studied for 24 h on PID control and 24 h during a separate admission with the IFB modification (PID + IFB). Target glucose was 120 mg/dl; meals were served at 8:00 AM, 1:00 PM, and 6:00 PM and were identical for both admissions. No premeal manual boluses were given. Reference BG excursions, defined as incremental glucose rise from premeal to peak, and postprandial BG area under the curve (AUC; 0-5 h) were compared. Results are reported as mean ± standard deviation.
resultsThe PID + IFB control resulted in higher mean BG levels compared with PID alone (153 ± 54 versus 133 ± 56 mg/dl; p < .0001). Postmeal BG excursions (114 ± 28 versus 114 ± 47 mg/dl) and AUCs (285 ± 102 versus 255 ± 129 mg/dl/h) were similar under both conditions. Total insulin delivery averaged 57 ± 20 U with PID versus 45 ± 13 U with PID + IFB (p = .18). Notably, eight hypoglycemic events (BG < 60 mg/dl) occurred during PID control versus none during PID + IFB.
conclusionsAddition of IFB to the PID controller markedly reduced the occurrence of hypoglycemia without increasing meal-related glucose excursions. Higher average BG levels may be attributable to differences in the determination of system gain (Kp) in this study. The prevention of postprandial hypoglycemia suggests that the PID + IFB algorithm may allow for lower target glucose selection and improved overall glycemic control.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.