SynthesisBiological psychiatry2013
Meta-analysis of lymphocytes in schizophrenia: clinical status and antipsychotic effects.
Synthesis in Biological psychiatry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 232 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune System Abnormalities in Schizophrenia: An Integrative View and Translational Perspectives.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- A Meta-analysis of Immune Parameters, Variability, and Assessment of Modal Distribution in Psychosis and Test of the Immune Subgroup Hypothesis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2019Pooled it
- Is psychosis a multisystem disorder? A meta-review of central nervous system, immune, cardiometabolic, and endocrine alterations in first-episode psychosis and perspective on potential models.Molecular psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokine and Tryptophan Catabolite Alterations in Psychiatric Patients: Comparisons Between Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and Depression.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2018Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of glucose tolerance, insulin, and insulin resistance in antipsychotic-naïve patients with nonaffective psychosis.Schizophrenia research · 2017Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of blood cytokine network alterations in psychiatric patients: comparisons between schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression.Molecular psychiatry · 2016Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of oxidative stress in schizophrenia.Biological psychiatry · 2013Pooled it
- Heterogeneity of composite inflammatory markers in acute schizophrenia: stratification by age, gender, and age at onset.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Maternal fasting during early gestation induces epigenetic alterations and schizophrenia-related phenotypes.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Lymphocyte subpopulations and EEG asymmetry.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Article
- Linking peripheral low-grade inflammation and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier leakage in schizophrenia spectrum disorders - A retrospective analysis.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Immunometabolic reprogramming of central and peripheral immune cells in mental disorders: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Aberrant Expression of TH2LCRR and GATA3 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Acute-Phase Schizophrenia: Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Study.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- White Blood Cell Proportions Are Associated With Response to Psychosocial Therapy in Young People at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- Intrinsic metabolic and immune impairments in a genetic mouse model of schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Immunosenescence-related T cell phenotypes, structural brain imaging, and cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia: a moderated mediation analysis.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Autistic Traits in Schizophrenia: Immune Mechanisms and Inflammatory Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Alterations in fecal bacteriome virome interplay and microbiota-derived dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Age-Dependent Correlation between Immune Parameters and Symptoms in Young Adults with Schizophrenia.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- Integrated bioinformatics and machine learning identify S100A9 and VGLL1 as hub genes for schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSchizophrenia is associated with immune system dysfunction, including abnormal blood immune cell parameters. We performed a meta-analysis of these associations, considering the effect of clinical status and antipsychotic treatment following an acute exacerbation of psychosis.
methodsWe identified articles by searching PubMed, PsycINFO, and Thomson Reuters (formerly ISI) Web of Knowledge and the reference lists of identified studies.
resultsSixteen studies of blood lymphocytes met the inclusion criteria. There was insufficient data for a meta-analysis of the mononuclear phagocytic system. In cross-sectional studies, there was a significant increase in the CD4% and CD56% in acutely relapsed inpatients. Absolute levels of total lymphocytes, CD3, and CD4, and the CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly increased, and the CD3% was significantly decreased in drug-native first-episode psychosis. In longitudinal studies, the CD4/CD8 ratio appeared to be state-related markers, as it decreased following antipsychotic treatment for acute exacerbations of psychosis. Absolute CD56 levels appeared to be a trait marker, as levels significantly increased following antipsychotic treatment for relapse.
conclusionsBlood lymphocyte abnormalities in drug-naïve first-episode psychosis suggest an effect that may be independent of antipsychotic medications. While some parameters (CD4/CD8) may be state markers for acute exacerbations of psychosis, others (CD56) may be trait markers; however, more longitudinal studies are needed. Although these findings could provide the basis for future hypothesis testing, a relatively small number of studies and subjects, lack of correlative data with clinical features, and inadequate consideration of potential confounding factors limit the results.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.