Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23060633›Full record

SynthesisThe European respiratory journal2013

Drug resistance beyond extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: individual patient data meta-analysis.

G B Migliori, G Sotgiu, N R Gandhi, D Falzon, K DeRiemer, R Centis, M G Hollm-Delgado, D Palmero, C Pérez-Guzmán, M H Vargas and 9 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The European respiratory journal, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06590428 (Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Linezolid in the Treatment of Rifampin-resistant Tuberculosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 67 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
16.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06590428 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Linezolid in the Treatment of Rifampin-resistant Tuberculosis

TypeinterventionalSponsorAlbert Einstein College of MedicineRan2026 to 2029Enrolled280ConditionsRifampin-resistant Tuberculosis, Drug-resistant TuberculosisArmsTherapeutic Drug Monitoring for Linezolid
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 245 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Is there a rationale for pulmonary rehabilitation following successful chemotherapy for tuberculosis?Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia
    Pooled it
  9. Trial
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Genetic Profile of Linezolid-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Article
  16. Bedaquiline for the Treatment of Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020
    Article
  17. Role of linezolid combination therapy for serious infections: review of the current evidence.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2020
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Managing severe tuberculosis and its sequelae: from intensive care to surgery and rehabilitation.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2019
    Review
  20. Article

7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 15 institutions in 7 countries.

G B Migliori *World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Fondazione S. Maugeri, Care and Research Institute, Tradate, Italy.
G Sotgiu *Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
N R GandhiDepartment of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
D FalzonSTOP TB Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
K DeRiemerSchool of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.
R CentisWorld Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Fondazione S. Maugeri, Care and Research Institute, Tradate, Italy.
M G Hollm-DelgadoMontreal Chest Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
D PalmeroPulmonology Division, Hospital F. J. Muñiz, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
C Pérez-GuzmánInstituto de Servicios de Salud del Estado de Aguascalientes, and Unidad de Medicina Ambulatoria Aguascalientes, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Aguascalientes, Mexico.
M H VargasInstituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, and Medical Research Unit in Respiratory Diseases, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico DF, Mexico.
L D'AmbrosioWorld Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Fondazione S. Maugeri, Care and Research Institute, Tradate, Italy.
A SpanevelloUniversità degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, and Fondazione S. Maugeri, Care and Research Institute, Tradate, Italy.
M BauerMontreal Chest Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
E D ChanPulmonary Department, Denver Veterans Affair Medical Center and National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.
H S SchaafDesmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
S KeshavjeeDepartment of Global Health & Social Medicine Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
T H HoltzCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
D MenziesMontreal Chest Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
“The Collaborative Group for Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data in MDR-TB”
McGill University · CAWorld Health Organization - Italy · ITCenters for Disease Control and Prevention · USHarvard University · USHospital Muñiz · ARInstituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias · MXMexican Social Security Institute · MXMontefiore Medical Center · USNational Patient Safety Foundation · USStellenbosch University · ZAUniversity of California, Davis · USUniversity of Colorado Denver · USUniversity of Insubria · ITUniversity of Sassari · ITWorld Health Organization · CH

Funding

Impact of HIV, Antiretroviral Therapy and TB Genotype on Survival in MDR TBR01AI087465 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI GANDHI, NEEL RAJNIKANT · 2010 to 2014
$3.9M
Transmission of HIV-Associated XDR TB in Rural South AfricaR01AI089349 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI GANDHI, NEEL RAJNIKANT · 2010 to 2014
$3.7M
Transmission and virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosisDP2OD006452 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI DERIEMER, KATHRYN L · 2010 to 2010
$2.3M
Molecular vs Conventional Assessment of TB TransmissionK01TW000001 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · PI DERIEMER, KATHRYN · 1999 to 2004
$550k
CIHRFIC NIH HHS K01 TW000001FIC NIH HHS K01TW000001Howard Hughes Medical Institute 55000632NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI087465NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI089349NIH HHS DP2 OD006452Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 176W009
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The broadest pattern of tuberculosis (TB) drug resistance for which a consensus definition exists is extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-TB. It is not known if additional drug resistance portends worsened patient outcomes. This study compares treatment outcomes of XDR-TB patients with and without additional resistance in order to explore the need for a new definition. Individual patient data on XDR-TB outcomes were included in a meta-analysis comparing outcomes between XDR alone and three nonmutually exclusive XDR-TB patient groups: XDR plus resistance to all the second-line injectables (sli) and capreomycin and kanamycin/amikacin (XDR+2sli) XDR plus resistance to second-line injectables and to more than one group 4 drug, i.e. ethionamide/protionamide, cycloserine/terizidone or para-aminosalicylic acid (XDR+sliG4) and XDR+sliG4 plus resistance to ethambutol and/or pyrazinamide (XDR+sliG4EZ). Of 405 XDR-TB cases, 301 were XDR alone, 68 XDR+2sli, 48 XDR+sliG4 and 42 XDR+sliG4EZ. In multivariate analysis, the odds of cure were significantly lower in XDR+2sli (adjusted OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.8) compared to XDR alone, while odds of failure and death were higher in all XDR patients with additional resistance (adjusted OR 2.6-2.8). Patients with additional resistance beyond XDR-TB showed poorer outcomes. Limitations in availability, accuracy and reproducibility of current drug susceptibility testing methods preclude the adoption of a useful definition beyond the one currently used for XDR-TB.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, BacterialAdultAntitubercular AgentsCohort StudiesDrug Therapy, CombinationExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisFemaleHumansMaleMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMultivariate AnalysisMycobacterium tuberculosisReproducibility of ResultsTreatment OutcomeAntitubercular Agents

Identifiers

PMID23060633
PMCPMC4498806
OpenAlexW2147304416

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.