Trial reportCongestive heart failure (Greenwich, Conn.)
Tai chi in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
Trial report in Congestive heart failure (Greenwich, Conn.). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04019301 (Caring for Caregivers With Mind-body Exercise), which is not on this map. Cited by 42 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Caring for Caregivers With Mind-body Exercise
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the mechanism of action of Tai Chi on cardiovascular disease: evidence map of aerobic and mind-body exercise pathways.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy of different mind-body exercises on functional capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effects of mind-body exercise in chronic cardiopulmonary dyspnoea patients-a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- The effects of mind-body exercise on anxiety and depression in older adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- The effect of exercise training and physiotherapy on left and right heart function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a systematic literature review.Heart failure reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Does tai chi improve psychological well-being and quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease and/or cardiovascular risk factors? A systematic review.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of Tai Chi on health status in adults with chronic heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Peak Oxygen Consumption, VE/VCOCurrent atherosclerosis reports · 2019Pooled it
- Traditional Chinese Exercise for Cardiovascular Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2016Pooled it
- Effect of traditional Chinese exercise on the quality of life and depression for chronic diseases: a meta-analysis of randomised trials.Scientific reports · 2015Pooled it
- What do we really know about the safety of tai chi?: A systematic review of adverse event reports in randomized trials.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2014Pooled it
- Effects of Tai Chi in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: preliminary evidence.PloS one · 2013Pooled it
- Effectiveness of different exercise modalities in Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction. A systematic review with network meta-analysis.Brazilian journal of physical therapyPooled it
- Trial
- A Randomized Study Examining the Effects of Mild-to-Moderate Group Exercises on Cardiovascular, Physical, and Psychological Well-being in Patients With Heart Failure.Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention · 2019Trial
- Use of pragmatic community-based interventions to enhance recruitment and adherence in a randomized trial of Tai Chi for women with osteopenia: insights from a qualitative substudy.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2014Trial
- Functional benefits of tai chi training in senior housing facilities.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2014Trial
- Effects of traditional Chinese exercises on the rehabilitation of patients with chronic heart failure: AInternational journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025Review
- Aerobic, resistance, and specialized exercise training in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A state-of-the-art review.Heart failure reviews · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although exercise is an important component of heart failure management, optimal regimens, particularly in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF), are uncertain. Tai chi (TC) is a mind-body exercise that may have potential benefits but has not been studied in this population. The authors randomized 16 patients with HFPEF to either 12 weeks TC or aerobic exercise. Assessments included peak oxygen uptake, 6-minute walk, quality of life, echocardiography, mood, and self-efficacy at baseline and at 12 weeks. Cardiorespiratory measures during exercise were obtained to characterize training intensities. Baseline characteristics were as follows: age 66±12 years, E/A ratio 1.3±0.7, and E/e' ratio 15.9±4.8. Overall, adherence was excellent (89% attendance). Change in peak oxygen uptake was similar between groups after 12 weeks, but 6-minute walk distance increased more after TC (69±46 m vs 10±31 m, P=.02). While both groups had improved Minnesota Living With Heart Failure scores and self-efficacy, Profile of Mood States (POMS)-Depression scores improved more with TC (-1.7±2.8 vs 1.6±3, P=.05). Cardiorespiratory assessment during TC showed lower oxygen uptake (4.3 mL/kg/min vs 9.4 mL/kg/min, P<.01), respiratory rate, and heart rate. TC is feasible and safe in HFPEF. Therepeutic endpoints appear similar with TC relative to aerobic exercise despite a lower aerobic training workload.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.