ArticlePloS one2012
Methylene blue as a cerebral metabolic and hemodynamic enhancer.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02380573 (Cognitive and Functional Connectivity Effects of Methylene Blue in Healthy Aging, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Cognitive and Functional Connectivity Effects of Methylene Blue in Healthy Aging, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Methylene blue modulates functional connectivity in the human brain.Brain imaging and behavior · 2017Trial
- Multimodal Randomized Functional MR Imaging of the Effects of Methylene Blue in the Human Brain.Radiology · 2016Trial
- Effects of post-session administration of methylene blue on fear extinction and contextual memory in adults with claustrophobia.The American journal of psychiatry · 2014Trial
- Oxidized Carbon Nanoparticles Enhance Cellular Energetics With Application to Injured Brain.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- The effects of acute Methylene Blue administration on cerebral blood flow and metabolism in humans and rats.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2023Article
- Enhancing Psychological Interventions for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Treatment with Memory Influencing Drugs.Current neuropharmacology · 2023Review
- Conjugates of Methylene Blue with Cycloalkaneindoles as New Multifunctional Agents for Potential Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Effect of Methylene Blue on White Matter Injury after Ischemic Stroke.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2021Article
- Rod Photoreceptor Neuroprotection in Dark-Reared Pde6brd10 Mice.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
- Antidotal effects of methylene blue against cyanide neurological toxicity: in vivo and in vitro studies.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2020Article
- Mitochondria as a target for neuroprotection: role of methylene blue and photobiomodulation.Translational neurodegeneration · 2020Review
- Methylene Blue Blocks and Reverses the Inhibitory Effect of Tau on PMCA Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- A novel serum free primary astrocyte culture method that mimic quiescent astrocyte phenotype.Journal of neuroscience methods · 2019Article
- Methylene Blue Administration During and After Life-Threatening Intoxication by Hydrogen Sulfide: Efficacy Studies in Adult Sheep and Mechanisms of Action.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2019Article
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Stroke: Implications of Stem Cell Therapy.Translational stroke research · 2018Review
- Alternative mitochondrial electron transfer for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and cancers: Methylene blue connects the dots.Progress in neurobiology · 2017Review
- Methylene blue and its analogues as antidepressant compounds.Metabolic brain disease · 2017Review
- Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in CNS injury using Methylene Blue; still a magic bullet?Neurochemistry international · 2017Review
- Mitochondrial function in hypoxic ischemic injury and influence of aging.Progress in neurobiology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
By restoring mitochondrial function, methylene blue (MB) is an effective neuroprotectant in many neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases). MB has also been proposed as a brain metabolic enhancer because of its action on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. We used in vitro and in vivo approaches to determine how MB affects brain metabolism and hemodynamics. For in vitro, we evaluated the effect of MB on brain mitochondrial function, oxygen consumption, and glucose uptake. For in vivo, we applied neuroimaging and intravenous measurements to determine MB's effect on glucose uptake, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO(2)) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in rats. MB significantly increases mitochondrial complex I-III activity in isolated mitochondria and enhances oxygen consumption and glucose uptake in HT-22 cells. Using positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we observed significant increases in brain glucose uptake, CBF, and CMRO(2) under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Further, MRI revealed that MB dramatically increased CBF in the hippocampus and in the cingulate, motor, and frontoparietal cortices, areas of the brain affected by Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Our results suggest that MB can enhance brain metabolism and hemodynamics, and multimetric neuroimaging systems offer a noninvasive, nondestructive way to evaluate treatment efficacy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.