ArticlePLoS pathogens2012
Virologic and immunologic evidence supporting an association between HHV-6 and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers.
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Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 145 citations in OpenAlex.
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- SARS-CoV-2 Infection Associated with HHV-6A Reactivation and an Inhibitory KIR2DL2/HLA-C1 Immunogenetic Profile.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Unveiling the mediating role of immune cells in the link between pathogen infections and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Human herpesvirus 6B U65 binds to histone proteins and suppresses interferon production.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- ESCRT-III is recruited by human herpesvirus 6A nuclear egress complex to promote nuclear egress of the nucleocapsid.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Viral infection and thyroid disorders: a narrative review.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Lower dietary folate intake increases the risk of autoimmune thyroiditis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Review
- From Viral Infection to Autoimmune Reaction: Exploring the Link between Human Herpesvirus 6 and Autoimmune Diseases.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Transcriptomic profiling of thymic dysregulation and viral tropism after neonatal roseolovirus infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- HHV-6A Infection of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Cells Induces Several Effects Related to Cancer Progression.Viruses · 2023Article
- Human herpesvirus 6A nuclear matrix protein U37 interacts with heat shock transcription factor 1 and activates the heat shock response.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Medical Applications of Molecular Biotechnologies in the Context of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Coinfection of Dermal Fibroblasts by Human Cytomegalovirus and Human Herpesvirus 6 Can Boost the Expression of Fibrosis-Associated MicroRNAs.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Persistent SARS-CoV-2 Infection, EBV, HHV-6 and Other Factors May Contribute to Inflammation and Autoimmunity in Long COVID.Viruses · 2023Review
- Human Cytomegalovirus and Human Herpesvirus 6 Coinfection of Dermal Fibroblasts Enhances the Pro-Inflammatory Pathway Predisposing to Fibrosis: The Possible Impact on Systemic Sclerosis.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Evaluation of the association between human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2022Article
- Investigation of the Involvement of HHV-6 Encoded Viral Chemokine Receptors in Autoimmune Thyroiditis Development.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the most common of all thyroid diseases and is characterized by abundant lymphocyte infiltrate and thyroid impairment, caused by various cell- and antibody-mediated immune processes. Viral infections have been suggested as possible environmental triggers, but conclusive data are not available. We analyzed the presence and transcriptional state of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) in thyroid fine needle aspirates (FNA) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 34 HT patients and 28 controls, showing that HHV-6 DNA prevalence (82% vs. 10%, p≤0.001) and viral load were significantly increased in FNA from HT patients, and thyrocytes from HT FNA displayed a 100-fold higher HHV-6 DNA load compared to infiltrating lymphocytes. In addition, while HHV-6 was strictly latent in positive samples from controls, a low grade acute infection was detected in HT samples. HHV-6 variant characterization was carried out in 10 HT FNA samples, determining that all specimens harbored HHV-6 Variant A.The tropism of HHV-6 for thyroid cells was verified by infection of Nthy-ori3-1, a thyroid follicular epithelial cell line, showing that thyrocytes are permissive to HHV-6 replication, which induces de novo expression of HLA class II antigens. Furthermore, HHV-6-infected Nthy-ori3-1 cells become targets for NK-mediated killing, NK cells from HT patients show a significantly more efficient killing of HHV-6 infected thyroid cells than healthy controls, and HT patients have increased T-cell responses to HHV-6 U94 protein, associated to viral latency. These observations suggest a potential role for HHV-6 (possibly variant A) in the development or triggering of HT.
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