ReviewNMR in biomedicine2013
Advantages of paramagnetic chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) complexes having slow to intermediate water exchange properties as responsive MRI agents.
Review in NMR in biomedicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peptide-Based pH-Responsive MRI-CEST Agents: In Vivo Comparison between a Selected Pentapeptide and the Established Iopamidol Reference in Tumor pH Mapping Ability.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2026Article
- CEST MRI in the Management/Diagnosis of Neuroinfectious Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Metabolic PCTA-Based Shift Reagents for the Detection of Extracellular Lactate Using CEST MRI.JACS Au · 2025Article
- The role of responsive MRI probes in the past and the future of molecular imaging.Chemical science · 2024Review
- Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding Based CEST MRI Contrast Agents As an Emerging Design Strategy: A Mini-Review.ACS omega · 2024Review
- Molecular Sensing with Host Systems for HyperpolarizedMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Nanomedicine Particles Associated With Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Contrast Agents in Biomedical Applications.Frontiers in chemistry · 2020Review
- Chemistry of MRI Contrast Agents: Current Challenges and New Frontiers.Chemical reviews · 2019Review
- An overview of CEST MRI for non-MR physicists.EJNMMI physics · 2016Review
- Overcoming the concentration-dependence of responsive probes for magnetic resonance imaging.Metallomics : integrated biometal science · 2015Review
- Single (19)F probe for simultaneous detection of multiple metal ions using miCEST MRI.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2015Article
- Article
- The importance of water exchange rates in the design of responsive agents for MRI.Current opinion in chemical biology · 2013Review
- Anthranilic acid analogs as diamagnetic CEST MRI contrast agents that feature an intramolecular-bond shifted hydrogen.Contrast media & molecular imagingArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Paramagnetic chemical exchange saturation transfer (PARACEST) complexes are exogenous contrast agents that have great potential to further extend the functional and molecular imaging capabilities of magnetic resonance. As a result of the presence of a central paramagnetic lanthanide ion (Ln(3+) ≠ La(3+) , Gd(3+) , Lu(3+) ) within the chelate, the resonance frequencies of exchangeable protons bound to the PARACEST agent are shifted far away from the bulk water frequency. This large chemical shift, combined with an extreme sensitivity to the chemical exchange rate, make PARACEST agents ideally suited for the reporting of significant biological metrics, such as temperature, pH and the presence of metabolites. In addition, the ability to turn PARACEST agents 'off' and 'on' using a frequency-selective saturation pulse gives them a distinct advantage over Gd(3+) -based contrast agents. A current challenge for PARACEST research is the translation of the promising in vitro results into in vivo systems. This short review article first describes the basic theory behind PARACEST contrast agents, their benefits over other contrast agents and their applications to MRI. It then describes some of the recent PARACEST research results: specifically, pH measurements using water molecule exchange rate modulation, T2 exchange contrast caused by water molecule exchange, the use of ultrashort TEs (TE < 10 µs) to overcome T2 exchange line broadening and the potential application of T2 exchange as a new contrast mechanism for MRI.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.