ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2012
Exclusive breastfeeding reduces risk of mortality in infants up to 6 mo of age born to HIV-positive Tanzanian women.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00197743 (Trial of Vitamins in HIV Progression and Transmission), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Trial of Vitamins in HIV Progression and Transmission
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Frenectomy for ankyloglossia in children under five: a systematic review and meta-analysis on breastfeeding outcomes.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Pooled it
- Interventions to support breastfeeding among mothers living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission in breastfeeding mothers with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2024Pooled it
- Nutritional status and complementary feeding among HIV-exposed infants: a prospective cohort study.Maternal & child nutrition · 2017Trial
- Complementary Feeding and Diarrhea and Respiratory Infection Among HIV-Exposed Tanzanian Infants.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Trial
- Exclusive Breast-feeding Protects against Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1 through 12 Months of Age in Tanzania.Journal of tropical pediatrics · 2016Trial
- Device-measured postpartum sleep and breastfeeding contexts among women in urban Vietnam.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Effect of MaternalCurrent developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Incidence of mortality and its predictors among preterm neonates in nigist eleni mohammed memmorial comprehensive specialized hospital, Hossana, Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- From Undetectable Equals Untransmittable (U=U) to Breastfeeding: Is the Jump Short?Infectious disease reports · 2022Article
- The risk of infectious pathogens in breast-feeding, donated human milk and breast milk substitutes.Public health nutrition · 2021Review
- Factors associated with under-5 mortality in three disadvantaged East African districts.International health · 2020Article
- Phagocytosis of a Model Human Immunodeficiency Virus Target by Human Breast Milk Leukocytes Is Predominantly Granulocyte-Driven When Elicited by Specific Antibody.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2019Article
- Impact of maternal HIV exposure, feeding status, and microbiome on infant cellular immunity.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2019Review
- Determinants of timely initiation of breast milk and exclusive breastfeeding in Malawi: a population-based cross-sectional study.International breastfeeding journal · 2019Article
- Weight gain of HIV-exposed, uninfected children born before and after introduction of the 'Option B+' programme in Malawi.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- Infant and Young Child Feeding Counseling, Decision-Making, and Practices Among HIV-Infected Women in Malawi's Option B+ Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission Program: A Mixed Methods Study.AIDS and behavior · 2016Article
- High Rates of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Both Arms of a Peer Counseling Study Promoting EBF Among HIV-Infected Kenyan Women.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2016Article
- Growth of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants in the First 6 Months of Life in South Africa: The IeDEA-SA Collaboration.PloS one · 2016Article
- A qualitative study exploring perceived barriers to infant feeding and caregiving among adolescent girls and young women in rural Bangladesh.BMC public health · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDespite the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), exposure to HIV from breast milk has relegated EBF to an option only when formula feeding is not affordable, feasible, safe, and sustainable. Mixed feeding remains the norm in sub-Saharan Africa.
objectiveWe evaluated whether the duration of EBF was associated with mortality and HIV infection in children followed to ≤5 y of age.
methodsA total of 690 mother-infant pairs from the Trial of Vitamins with information on infant feeding, HIV status, and at least one visit in the first year were included in the analysis. The duration of EBF was defined in months as a time-varying covariate at each follow-up visit. Associations of the duration of EBF with mortality, HIV infection, and HIV infection or death were estimated by using Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier survival curves.
resultsA 1-mo increase in EBF was associated with a 49% reduction in early infant mortality in the first 6 mo of life (RR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.28, 0.93) and a nonsignificant 15% reduction in risk of HIV infection or death (RR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.71, 1.01; P = 0.07) over the first 5 y of life. EBF was not associated with HIV infection (RR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.15).
conclusionLonger EBF by HIV-positive mothers was associated with reduced mortality in the first 6 mo of life without increased HIV infection, which makes EBF the best option for women who cannot sustain exclusive formula feeding. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00197743.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.