SynthesisAntiviral therapy2013
Rates of emergence of HIV drug resistance in resource-limited settings: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Antiviral therapy, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03438370 (Outcomes of Differentiated Models of Antiretroviral Treatment), which is not on this map. Cited by 87 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Outcomes of Differentiated Models of Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) Provision: Multi-Month Dispensing (MMD) of ART in Community ART Distribution for Stable HIV Infected Patients
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Geographic and temporal trends in the molecular epidemiology and genetic mechanisms of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance: an individual-patient- and sequence-level meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2015Pooled it
- Persistent difficulties in switching to second-line ART in sub-saharan Africa--a systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2013Pooled it
- Regional Variations of Rates and Determinants of Drug Resistance Mutations in People Failing First-line Therapy for HIV-1: A Substudy from the D2EFT Phase 3b/4 Clinical Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Article
- Intervention studies and antimicrobial resistance in Italy: An overview of the latest evidence.Journal of global antimicrobial resistance · 2026Review
- Article
- The Phenomenon of Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in the Context of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment: Dynamic and Ever Evolving Subject Matter.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- The Challenge of Adherence to a Complex Antiretroviral Therapy Regimen in an Individual With Multidrug-Resistant HIV.Topics in antiviral medicine · 2024Article
- Retrospective Study on Genetic Diversity and Drug Resistance among People Living with HIV at an AIDS Clinic in Beijing.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Withania somnifera extracts induced attenuation of HIV-1: a mechanistic approach to restrict viral infection.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Article
- Adherence Measured Using Electronic Dose Monitoring is Associated with Emergent Antiretroviral Resistance and Poor Outcomes in People with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS and Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Observational
- Antiretroviral therapy resistance mutations among HIV infected people in Kazakhstan.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Elucidation of Antiviral and Antioxidant Potential of C-Phycocyanin against HIV-1 Infection throughAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Structure of HIV-1 Drug Resistance to Antiretrovirals in the Volga Federal District in 2008-2019.Viruses · 2022Article
- Low-frequency HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in antiretroviral naïve individuals in Botswana.Medicine · 2022Article
- The Effect of miRNA Gene Regulation on HIV Disease.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Review
- The diverse roles of miRNAs in HIV pathogenesis: Current understanding and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe increasing availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved survival and quality of life for many infected with HIV, but can also engender drug resistance. This review summarizes the available information on drug resistance in adults in resource-limited settings.
methodsThe online databases PubMed and Google Scholar, pertinent conference abstracts and references from relevant articles were searched for publications available before November 2011. Data collected after ART rollout were reviewed.
resultsA total of 7 studies fulfilled the criteria for the analysis of acquired drug resistance and 22 fulfilled the criteria for the analysis of transmitted drug resistance (TDR). Acquired resistance was detected in 7.2% of patients on ART for 6-11 months, 11.1% at 12-23 months, 15.0% at 24-35 months, and 20.7% at ≥ 36 months. Multi-class drug resistance increased steadily with time on ART. The overall rate of TDR in all resource-limited countries studied was 6.6% (469/7,063). Patients in countries in which ART had been available for ≥ 5 years were 1.7 × more likely to have TDR than those living in a country where ART had been available for <5 years (P<0.001). The reported prevalence of TDR was 5.7% (233/4,069) in Africa, 7.6% (160/2,094) in Asia and 8.4% (76/900) in Brazil.
conclusionsThe emergence of drug resistance following access to ART in resource-limited settings resembles what was seen in resource-rich countries and highlights the need for virological monitoring for drug failure, drug resistance testing and alternative drug regimens that have proven beneficial in these resource-rich settings.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.