ArticleClinical neuroradiology2012
Heroin spongiform leukoencephalopathy (HSLE).
Article in Clinical neuroradiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurocognitive impairments and brain abnormalities resulting from opioid-related overdoses: A systematic review.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Pooled it
- Spongiform leukoencephalopathy: A unique case of biopsy confirmed leukoencephalopathy secondary to toxic, non-inflammatory exposure.SAGE open medical case reports · 2021Article
- Chasing the wrong dragon: A new presentation of heroin-induced toxic leukoencephalopathy mimicking anoxic brain injury.Journal of the Intensive Care Society · 2019Article
- Different routes of heroin intake cause various heroin-induced leukoencephalopathies.Journal of neurology · 2019Article
- Single-Cell RNA-Seq Uncovers a Robust Transcriptional Response to Morphine by Glia.Cell reports · 2018Article
- Methamphetamine-induced toxic leukoencephalopathy: clinical, radiological and autopsy findings.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2017Article
- Acute brain injury following illicit drug abuse in adolescent and young adult patients: spectrum of neuroimaging findings.The neuroradiology journal · 2017Article
- Emerging and Underrecognized Complications of Illicit Drug Use.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2015Article
- Cerebellar neuronal apoptosis in heroin-addicted rats and its molecular mechanism.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2015Article
- Toxic Leukoencephalopathy due to Inhalational Heroin Abuse.Annals of Indian Academy of NeurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAn increasing number of heroin addicts-especially young and first-time users-prefer inhaling the drug to intravenous injection. A rare complication of inhaling heroin is the development of a spongiform leukoencephalopathy (HSLE).
methodsPathological background, symptoms, imaging, and therapeutical options are discussed on the basis of an example case.
resultsPathophysiologically, a dysfunction of the oligodendrocyte mitochondria is suspected. Three distinct stages based on key symptoms are defined. Patients may remain in one stage, or pass through two, or all three stages. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is necessary for diagnosis. There are few therapeutical options. Antioxidants and coenzyme Q may be beneficial. The disorder is self-limiting in the majority of cases. Complications such as hydrocephalus and diffuse cerebellar swelling may, however, require neurosurgical intervention.
conclusionsHSLE is a rare occurrence in patients with heroin abuse. The number of undetected cases in drug-related deaths may be high. Clinical appearance may be easily mistaken for withdrawal symptoms.
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