ArticlePloS one2012
Antagonizing retinoic acid and FGF/MAPK pathways control posterior body patterning in the invertebrate chordate Ciona intestinalis.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolution of the essential geneProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Less, but More: New Insights From Appendicularians on Chordate Fgf Evolution and the Divergence of Tunicate Lifestyles.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Sensory cells in tunicates: insights into mechanoreceptor evolution.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- A design logic for sequential segmentation across organisms.The FEBS journal · 2023Article
- Article
- Dissecting mechanisms of chamber-specific cardiac differentiation and its perturbation following retinoic acid exposure.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2022Article
- Patterning of vertebrate cardiac progenitor fields by retinoic acid signaling.Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) · 2021Review
- Neuromesodermal Lineage Contribution to CNS Development in Invertebrate and Vertebrate Chordates.Genes · 2021Review
- Ciona Brachyury proximal and distal enhancers have different FGF dose-response relationships.PLoS genetics · 2021Article
- Article
- Conservation of peripheral nervous system formation mechanisms in divergent ascidian embryos.eLife · 2020Article
- Mesoderm patterning by a dynamic gradient of retinoic acid signalling.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2020Review
- Genomic basis of environmental adaptation in the leathery sea squirt (Styela clava).Molecular ecology resources · 2020Article
- Article
- The regulation of oocyte maturation and ovulation in the closest sister group of vertebrates.eLife · 2019Article
- Antero-posterior ectoderm patterning by canonical Wnt signaling during ascidian development.PLoS genetics · 2019Article
- Retinoic acid signaling and neurogenic niche regulation in the developing peripheral nervous system of the cephalochordate amphioxus.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2018Article
- Roles of Retinoic Acid Signaling in Shaping the Neuronal Architecture of the Developing Amphioxus Nervous System.Molecular neurobiology · 2018Article
- Cell-cycle compensation coupled with developmental patterning.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2016Article
- Coelimination and Survival in Gene Network Evolution: Dismantling the RA-Signaling in a Chordate.Molecular biology and evolution · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vertebrate embryos exploit the mutual inhibition between the RA and FGF signalling pathways to coordinate the proliferative elongation of the main body axis with the progressive patterning and differentiation of its neuroectodermal and paraxial mesodermal structures. The evolutionary history of this patterning system is still poorly understood. Here, we investigate the role played by the RA and FGF/MAPK signals during the development of the tail structures in the tunicate Ciona intestinalis, an invertebrate chordate belonging to the sister clade of vertebrates, in which the prototypical chordate body plan is established through very derived morphogenetic processes. Ciona embryos are constituted of few cells and develop according to a fixed lineage; elongation of the tail occurs largely by rearrangement of postmitotic cells; mesoderm segmentation and somitogenesis are absent. We show that in the Ciona embryo, the antagonism of the RA and FGF/MAPK signals is required to control the anteroposterior patterning of the tail epidermis. We also demonstrate that the RA, FGF/MAPK and canonical Wnt pathways control the anteroposterior patterning of the tail peripheral nervous system, and reveal the existence of distinct subpopulations of caudal epidermal neurons with different responsiveness to the RA, FGF/MAPK and canonical Wnt signals. Our data provide the first demonstration that the use of the antagonism between the RA and FGF signals to pattern the main body axis predates the emergence of vertebrates and highlight the evolutionary plasticity of this patterning strategy, showing that in different chordates it can be used to pattern different tissues within the same homologous body region.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.