ArticlePloS one2012
Oral vaccination with lipid-formulated BCG induces a long-lived, multifunctional CD4(+) T cell memory immune response.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- PO and ID BCG vaccination in humans induce distinct mucosal and systemic immune responses and CD4Mucosal immunology · 2018Trial
- Upregulation of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms facilitating prevention of gastricFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- ImpairedFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Impaired macrophage and memory T-cell responses to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin nonpolar lipid extract.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- A century of BCG vaccination: Immune mechanisms, animal models, non-traditional routes and implications for COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Detection of live M. bovis BCG in tissues and IFN-γ responses in European badgers (Meles meles) vaccinated by oropharyngeal instillation or directly in the ileum.BMC veterinary research · 2019Article
- An autophagy-inducing and TLR-2 activating BCG vaccine induces a robust protection against tuberculosis in mice.NPJ vaccines · 2019Article
- Immunogenic Properties of Lactobacillus plantarum Producing Surface-Displayed Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigens.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2017Article
- Article
- Oral Immunization with OspC Does Not Prevent Tick-Borne Borrelia burgdorferi Infection.PloS one · 2016Article
- Review
- Virulence-Dependent Alterations in the Kinetics of Immune Cells during Pulmonary Infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.PloS one · 2015Article
- Understanding and overcoming the barriers to T cell-mediated immunity against tuberculosis.Seminars in immunology · 2014Review
- CD4(+) T Cell Priming as Biomarker to Study Immune Response to Preventive Vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2013Review
- Effects of administration of live or inactivated virulent Rhodococccus equi and age on the fecal microbiome of neonatal foals.PloS one · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Oral delivery of BCG in a lipid formulation (Liporale™-BCG) targets delivery of viable bacilli to the mesenteric lymph nodes and confers protection against an aerosol Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge. The magnitude, quality and duration of the effector and memory immune response induced by Liporale™-BCG vaccination is unknown. Therefore, we compared the effector and memory CD4(+) T cell response in the spleen and lungs of mice vaccinated with Liporale™-BCG to the response induced by subcutaneous BCG vaccination. Liporale™-BCG vaccination induced a long-lived CD4(+) T cell response, evident by the detection of effector CD4(+) T cells in the lungs and a significant increase in the number of Ag85B tetramer-specific CD4(+) T cells in the spleen up to 30 weeks post vaccination. Moreover, following polyclonal stimulation, Liporale™-BCG vaccination, but not s.c. BCG vaccination, induced a significant increase in both the percentage of CD4(+) T cells in the lungs capable of producing IFNγ and the number of multifunctional CD4(+) T cells in the lungs at 30 weeks post vaccination. These results demonstrate that orally delivered Liporale™-BCG vaccine induces a long-lived multifunctional immune response, and could therefore represent a practical and effective means of delivering novel BCG-based TB vaccines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.