ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2012
Prolonged nerve blockade delays the onset of neuropathic pain.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Marine-derived bioactive compounds for neuropathic pain: pharmacology and therapeutic potential.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- The dorsal column nuclei scale mechanical sensitivity in naive and neuropathic pain states.Cell reports · 2025Article
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- Nanomedicine and voltage-gated sodium channel blockers in pain management: a game changer or a lost cause?Drug delivery and translational research · 2024Review
- Engineering Neurotoxin-Functionalized Exosomes for Targeted Delivery to the Peripheral Nervous System.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- An aptamer-based depot system for sustained release of small molecule therapeutics.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Analgesic and potentiated photothermal therapy with ropivacaine-loaded hydrogels.Theranostics · 2023Article
- An Updated Review of Tetrodotoxin and Its Peculiarities.Marine drugs · 2022Review
- Effects of buprenorphine on model development in an adjuvant-induced monoarthritis rat model.PloS one · 2022Article
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- Injectable PLGA-Coated Ropivacaine Produces A Long-Lasting Analgesic Effect on Incisional Pain and Neuropathic Pain.The journal of pain · 2021Article
- Neuronal delivery of nanoparticles via nerve fibres in the skin.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Anisotropic microparticles for differential drug release in nerve block anesthesia.RSC advances · 2021Article
- Anti-inflammatory protein TSG-6 secreted by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells attenuates neuropathic pain by inhibiting the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in spinal microglia.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Article
- Effect of Peritumoral Bupivacaine on Primary and Distal Hyperalgesia in Cancer-Induced Bone Pain.Journal of pain research · 2020Article
- The Study of Pain in Rats and Mice.Comparative medicine · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Aberrant neuronal activity in injured peripheral nerves is believed to be an important factor in the development of neuropathic pain. Pharmacological blockade of that activity has been shown to mitigate the onset of associated molecular events in the nervous system. However, results in preventing onset of pain behaviors by providing prolonged nerve blockade have been mixed. Furthermore, the experimental techniques used to date to provide that blockade were limited in clinical potential in that they would require surgical implantation. To address these issues, we have used liposomes (SDLs) containing saxitoxin (STX), a site 1 sodium channel blocker, and the glucocorticoid agonist dexamethasone to provide nerve blocks lasting ~1 wk from a single injection. This formulation is easily injected percutaneously. Animals undergoing spared nerve injury (SNI) developed mechanical allodynia in 1 wk; nerve blockade with a single dose of SDLs (duration of block 6.9 ± 1.2 d) delayed the onset of allodynia by 2 d. Treatment with three sequential SDL injections resulting in a nerve block duration of 18.1 ± 3.4 d delayed the onset of allodynia by 1 mo. This very prolonged blockade decreased activation of astrocytes in the lumbar dorsal horn of the spinal cord due to SNI. Changes in expression of injury-related genes due to SNI in the dorsal root ganglia were not affected by SDLs. These findings suggest that formulations of this kind, which could be easy to apply clinically, can mitigate the development of neuropathic pain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.