ReviewThe Journal of physiology2012
Does sex have an independent effect on thermoeffector responses during exercise in the heat?
Review in The Journal of physiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sex differences in the impact of extreme heat on cardiovascular disease outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Pooled it
- Association of heat and cold waves with cause-specific mortality in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Skin Temperature of Acupoints in Health and Disease: A Systematic Review.Journal of integrative and complementary medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Female (Under) Representation in Exercise Thermoregulation Research.Sports medicine - open · 2021Pooled it
- Practical Cooling Strategies During Continuous Exercise in Hot Environments: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2017Pooled it
- The Effect of an Automated Phone Warning and Health Advisory System on Adaptation to High Heat Episodes and Health Services Use in Vulnerable Groups-Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Trial
- Limited Agreement Between Perceptual and Physiological Heat Strain at Initial Stay Times for Continuous Work in the Heat Before Heat Alleviation Controls.American journal of industrial medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Fat Oxidation, But Not Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Lipolysis, Differs Between Males and Females During a Treadmill-Based Heat Tolerance Test.European journal of sport science · 2026Article
- Repeated Sprint Training in Heat Improves Repeated Sprint Ability Under Temperate Conditions Similarly in Active Males and Females.European journal of sport science · 2026Article
- Thermal Responses to Exercise in Male Master Track & Field Athletes: Monitoring during Competition.Journal of human kinetics · 2026Article
- Menstrual Health in Servicewomen: The Menstrual Cycle, Menstrual Disturbances, and Occupational Consequences.Sports medicine - open · 2026Review
- Ad libitum drinking does not mitigate acute kidney injury risk nor elevations in markers of oxidative stress and inflammation during simulated occupational heat stress.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2026Article
- Body Biofluids for Minimally-Invasive Diagnostics: Insights, Challenges, Emerging Technologies, and Clinical Potential.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Impact of extreme temperature on hospitalization for cardiovascular diseases in Lanzhou, China.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The effect of increased core body temperature on the vasomotor and sudomotor responses of patients with type 2 diabetes: protocol of a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2025Article
- Defining Sex- and Age-Specific Initial Stay Times for Continuous Moderate-Intensity Work in Hot Environments Before Heat-Mitigation Controls Are Implemented - Part A.American journal of industrial medicine · 2025Article
- Sex-differences in Mountain Ultra-trail Performance: Look at the Scenery.Sports medicine - open · 2025Article
- Predicting Heart Rate Slow Component Dynamics: A Model Across Exercise Intensities, Age, and Sex.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Mixed pre-cooling improves thermal strain but not running performance in female endurance athletes exercising in the heat across the menstrual cycle.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2025Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although a number of studies have examined potential differences in temperature regulation between males and females during heat stress, conclusions have remained limited as to whether reported differences are due to confounding physical characteristics or to actual differences in the physiological variables of temperature regulation. Recent observations suggest that sex differences in temperature regulation, particularly in sudomotor activity, go beyond those associated with physical characteristics. Females have recently been shown to have a lower sudomotor activity, as well as a lower thermosensitivity of the response compared to males during exercise performed at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production. Furthermore, sex differences in local and whole-body sudomotor activity are only evident above a certain combination of environmental conditions and rate of metabolic heat production. In contrast, both the onset threshold and thermosensitivity of cutaneous vasodilatation are similar between males and females. In theory, differences in the thermosensitivity of sudomotor activity could be related to either a central (neural activity/integration) and/or peripheral (effector organ) modulation of temperature regulation. Based on recent findings, sex differences in sudomotor activity appear to be mediated peripherally, although a central modulation has yet to be conclusively ruled out. Here we present a brief yet comprehensive review of the current state of knowledge pertaining to sex differences in temperature regulation during exercise in the heat.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.