ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2012
The skeleton as an endocrine organ.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effect of Protein Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Mass, Strength and Function in the Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2019Pooled it
- Prevalence of osteoporosis in prostate cancer survivors II: a meta-analysis of men not on androgen deprivation therapy.Endocrine · 2015Pooled it
- The sixth sense of the brain: interoception in organoid study.Bone research · 2026Review
- Reading hominin life history in fossil bones and teeth: methods to test hypotheses regarding its evolution.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026Review
- Smart biomaterials for skeletal aging repair and regeneration.Bone research · 2026Review
- Activating the Osteoblastic USP26 Pathway Alleviates Multi-Organ Fibrosis by Decreasing Insulin Resistance.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Sympathetic regulation of bone homeostasis and remodeling: molecular mechanisms, pathophysiological roles, and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Decoding the Bone-Eye Axis: Machine Learning for Age-Related Macular Degeneration Risk Prediction.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Complex network model reveals the positive effect of melatonin on bone parameters in rats with induced hypoestrogenism.Bone & joint research · 2025Article
- Serum osteocalcin is associated with the presence of hepatic steatosis in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Modeling the effects of radiation on the bone tumor microenvironment: opportunities for exploring combination therapies in microphysiologic systems.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2025Review
- Coupled Bone-Muscle Degeneration in Chronic Pancreatitis: A Juvenile Porcine Model of Secondary Osteosarcopenia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Numerical study of interstitial fluid flow behavior in osteons under dynamic loading.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Article
- Surface modification of polyetheretherketone for boosted osseointegration: A review.Biomaterials translational · 2025Review
- Association between the skeletal muscle-to-visceral fat ratio and kidney stones: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Editorial: The endocrine role of the musculoskeletal system.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Bone metabolism - an underappreciated player.npj metabolic health and disease · 2024Review
- Activation of the osteoblastic HIF-1α pathway partially alleviates the symptoms of STZ-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus via RegIIIγ.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Hip fracture is associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes: A retrospective cohort study.Osteoporosis and sarcopenia · 2024Article
- Sex Differentiation of Trabecular Bone Structure Based on Textural Analysis of Pelvic Radiographs.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Surprising new discoveries in the field of skeletal biology show that bone cells produce endocrine hormones that regulate phosphate and glucose homeostasis. In this Review, we examine the features of these new endocrine pathways and discuss their physiological importance in the context of our current understanding of energy metabolism and mineral homeostasis. Consideration of evolutionary and comparative biology provides clues that a key driving force for the emergence of these hormonal pathways was the development of a large, energy-expensive musculoskeletal system. Specialized bone cells also evolved and produced endocrine hormones to integrate the skeleton in global mineral and nutrient homeostasis. The recognition of bone as a true endocrine organ represents a fertile area for further research and should improve the diagnosis and treatment of metabolic diseases such as osteoporosis and diabetes mellitus.
Indexed as
Identifiers
23045255What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.