ReviewCold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine2012
HIV transmission.
Review in Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 200 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
200 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Oral manifestations in HIV-positive individuals under highly active antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence data.BMC oral health · 2026Pooled it
- The Prevalence of HIV Infection in Minority Indigenous Populations of the South-East Asia and Western Pacific Regions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2023Pooled it
- Effectiveness of the female condom in preventing HIV and sexually transmitted infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2020Pooled it
- Time-Trend, Regional and National Prevalence of Vertical Transmission of HIV-1 in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of primary care & community healthPooled it
- Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic investigation of raltegravir with or without lamivudine in the context of HIV-1 pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2021Trial
- Depression and Incident HIV in Adolescent Girls and Young Women in HIV Prevention Trials Network 068: Targets for Prevention and Mediating Factors.American journal of epidemiology · 2020Trial
- Circumcision status at HIV infection is not associated with plasma viral load in men: analysis of specimens from a randomized controlled trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Trial
- A Translational Pharmacology Approach to Predicting Outcomes of Preexposure Prophylaxis Against HIV in Men and Women Using Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate With or Without Emtricitabine.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2016Trial
- HIV-1 vaccine-induced C1 and V2 Env-specific antibodies synergize for increased antiviral activities.Journal of virology · 2014Trial
- Pediatric NIH Workshop: Session I: Nonhuman Primate Models in HIV Prevention Research-A Historical and Comparative Perspective.Journal of medical primatology · 2026Review
- Testicular toll with viral intrusion: Molecular insights into the impact of chronic HIV infection on male fertility.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Article
- A retrospective cohort data-linkage study of secondary healthcare use prior to late blood-borne virus diagnosis in Scotland - A missed opportunity for earlier diagnosis?Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- Review
- Development of a mortality risk prediction model for patients on antiretroviral therapy at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Successful multidisciplinary management of non-muscle-invasive upper tract urothelial carcinoma in a patient with HIV and concurrent staghorn calculus: a case report.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- Atlas of HIV cis-regulatory elements reveals extensive transcriptional variation across clades, isolates, and within individuals.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The prefrontal cortex as a target of HIV-1 neurotoxicity: molecular mechanisms of viral protein-mediated neurodegeneration and executive dysfunction.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Losing Less in Translation: Relating the Preclinical Evidence Base for Active and Passive Immunity to Prevention of HIV-1 Infection in Humans.Journal of medical primatology · 2025Review
- Unraveling the complexities of neurotropic virus infection and immune evasion.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- BACH2 promotes seeding and establishment of long-lived HIV-1 reservoir in memory CD4Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
140 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
HIV-1 is transmitted by sexual contact across mucosal surfaces, by maternal-infant exposure, and by percutaneous inoculation. For reasons that are still incompletely understood, CCR5-tropic viruses (R5 viruses) are preferentially transmitted by all routes. Transmission is followed by an orderly appearance of viral and host markers of infection in the blood plasma. In the acute phase of infection, HIV-1 replicates exponentially and diversifies randomly, allowing for an unambiguous molecular identification of transmitted/founder virus genomes and a precise characterization of the population bottleneck to virus transmission. Sexual transmission of HIV-1 most often results in productive clinical infection arising from a single virus, highlighting the extreme bottleneck and inherent inefficiency in virus transmission. It remains to be determined if HIV-1 transmission is largely a stochastic process whereby any reasonably fit R5 virus can be transmitted or if there are features of transmitted/founder viruses that facilitate their transmission in a biologically meaningful way. Human tissue explant models of HIV-1 infection and animal models of SIV/SHIV/HIV-1 transmission, coupled with new challenge virus strains that more closely reflect transmitted/founder viruses, have the potential to elucidate fundamental mechanisms in HIV-1 transmission relevant to vaccine design and other prevention strategies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.