ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2012
Prevalence, environmental loading, and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium and Giardia isolates from domestic and wild animals along the Central California Coast.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global prevalence of Giardia infection in nonhuman mammalian hosts: A systematic review and meta-analysis of five million animals.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Cryptosporidium infections in terrestrial ungulates with focus on livestock: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2019Pooled it
- Synthesis ofVeterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Efficacy of medicinal plants in cryptosporidiosis treatment: a comprehensive review.Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2025Review
- Climate change will amplify the impacts of harmful microorganisms in aquatic ecosystems.Nature microbiology · 2025Review
- Helminths and protozoan parasites in common opossums (Didelphis marsupialis) in a suburban area in Medellín, Colombia.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2025Article
- Review
- Domesticated animal reservoirs ofJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2024Article
- Assessment of potential zoonotic transmission ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Review
- Analysis of supplemental wildlife feeding in Mississippi and environmental gastrointestinal parasite load.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- Didelphis spp. opossums and their parasites in the Americas: A One Health perspective.Parasitology research · 2021Review
- Presence of DNA from Chlamydia-like organisms in the nasal cavities of grey seal pups (Halichoerus grypus) and three different substrates present in a breeding colony.BMC veterinary research · 2021Article
- Investigation of giardiasis in captive animals in zoological gardens with strain typing of assemblages in China.Parasitology · 2021Article
- Intestinal Parasites of Neotropical Wild Jaguars, Pumas, Ocelots, and Jaguarundis in Colombia: Old Friends Brought Back from Oblivion and New Insights.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Occurrence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in wild birds from Qinghai Lake on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China.Parasitology research · 2021Article
- Article
- Wildlife Is a Potential Source of Human Infections ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Comparative molecular analysis of fecal microbiota of bobcats (Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire · 2019Article
- Relationships between Microbial Indicators and Pathogens in Recreational Water Settings.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The risk of disease transmission from waterborne protozoa is often dependent on the origin (e.g., domestic animals versus wildlife), overall parasite load in contaminated waterways, and parasite genotype, with infections being linked to runoff or direct deposition of domestic animal and wildlife feces. Fecal samples collected from domestic animals and wildlife along the central California coast were screened to (i) compare the prevalence and associated risk factors for fecal shedding of Cryptosporidium and Giardia species parasites, (ii) evaluate the relative importance of animal host groups that contribute to pathogen loading in coastal ecosystems, and (iii) characterize zoonotic and host-specific genotypes. Overall, 6% of fecal samples tested during 2007 to 2010 were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts and 15% were positive for Giardia cysts. Animal host group and age class were significantly associated with detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia parasites in animal feces. Fecal loading analysis revealed that infected beef cattle potentially contribute the greatest parasite load relative to other host groups, followed by wild canids. Beef cattle, however, shed host-specific, minimally zoonotic Cryptosporidium and Giardia duodenalis genotypes, whereas wild canids shed potentially zoonotic genotypes, including G. duodenalis assemblages A and B. Given that the parasite genotypes detected in cattle were not zoonotic, the public health risk posed by protozoan parasite shedding in cattle feces may be lower than that posed by other animals, such as wild canids, that routinely shed zoonotic genotypes.
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