ArticleActa haematologica2013
Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in 66 patients with myeloid or lymphoid neoplasms and recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with invasive fungal disease.
Article in Acta haematologica, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- The natural history and evolution of dermatophytosis: Host immunity in acute and chronic infection.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Antifungal Innate Immunity.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Molecular mechanisms of neutrophil regulatory network in anti-Candida infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Disseminated Histoplasmosis in a Patient with Myelofibrosis on Ruxolitinib: A Case Report and Review of the Literature on Ruxolitinib-Associated Invasive Fungal Infections.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Molecular Pathway, Epidemiological Data and Treatment Strategies of Fungal Infection (Mycoses): A Comprehensive Review.Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Non-European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022Article
- Checkpoint inhibitors as immunotherapy for fungal infections: Promises, challenges, and unanswered questions.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Genetic Vaccination as a Flexible Tool to Overcome the Immunological Complexity of Invasive Fungal Infections.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Immunomodulation for the Treatment of Fungal Infections: Opportunities and Challenges.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Surgical-site mucormycosis infection in a solid-organ transplant recipient and a concise review of the literature.BMJ case reports · 2019Article
- Immunomodulation as a Therapy forJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
- The Multifaceted Role of T-Helper Responses in Host Defense against Aspergillus fumigatus.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Review
- Optimizing Outcomes in Immunocompromised Hosts: Understanding the Role of Immunotherapy in Invasive Fungal Diseases.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Review
- Treatment options in Invasive Aspergillosis.Current treatment options in infectious diseases · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsAdding granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) may improve the response to antifungal therapy in immunosuppressed patients with invasive fungal disease (IFD).
methodsWe retrospectively assessed 66 patients in whom GM-CSF was given during antifungal therapy.
resultsSevere neutropenia (77%) and refractory/relapsed cancer (65%) were common in the group. Prior to GM-CSF therapy, 15% of patients received high-dose corticosteroids for a median of 30 ± 16 days [median cumulative dose (c.d.) 1,184 ± 1,019 mg], and 9 received steroids during GM-CSF therapy for a median of 16 ± 12 days (median c.d. 230 ± 1,314 mg). Mild toxic effects were noted in 9% of patients; there were no cases of cardiopulmonary toxicity. All-cause deaths were observed in 68% of patients and 48% died of progressive IFD. High-dose corticosteroids prior to GM-CSF (OR 24; 95% CI 2.21-264.9; p ≤ 0.009), GM-CSF started in the intensive care unit (OR 10; 95% CI 1.66-63.8; p ≤ 0.01), concurrent granulocyte transfusions (OR 5; 95% CI 1.27-16.8; p ≤ 0.02) and proven/probable IFD (OR 4; 95% CI 1-16.2; p ≤ 0.05) predicted antifungal treatment failure.
conclusionsGM-CSF adjuvant therapy was tolerated without serous toxicity and antifungal treatment failure remained a challenge in patients treated with high-dose systemic corticosteroids.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.