ReviewMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)2013
Mechanisms of action of adrenocorticotropic hormone and other melanocortins relevant to the clinical management of patients with multiple sclerosis.
Review in Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02298491 (Clinical Biomarkers of Disease Activity and Treatment Responses in Patients With CNS Sarcoidosis Treated With H.P. Acthar Gel), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Biomarkers of Disease Activity and Treatment Responses in Patients With CNS Sarcoidosis Treated With H.P. Acthar Gel
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Uncovering the Causal Link Between Obesity-Associated Genes and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Literature Review.Brain and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Results from a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of repository corticotropin injection for multiple sclerosis relapse that did not adequately respond to corticosteroids.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2022Trial
- The Therapeutic Effects of Purified Cortrophin Gel on Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis.Ocular immunology and inflammation · 2025Article
- Article
- Efficacy and tolerability of subcutaneous repository corticotropin injection in refractory ocular inflammatory diseases.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2024Article
- Molecular and Genetics Perspectives on Primary Adrenocortical Hyperfunction Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Maintains Retinal Homeostasis after Ischemia/Reperfusion.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Treatment modalities for infantile spasms: current considerations and evolving strategies in clinical practice.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Review
- Effects of Psychological Stress on Multiple SclerosisCNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2024Review
- ActharClinical drug investigation · 2023Review
- Acthar Gel Inhibits the Activation of CD4Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2023Article
- Advances on Hormones and Steroids Determination: A Review of Voltammetric Methods since 2000.Membranes · 2022Review
- Sunlight exposure exerts immunomodulatory effects to reduce multiple sclerosis severity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Repository corticotropin injection attenuates collagen-induced arthritic joint structural damage and has enhanced effects in combination with etanercept.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2020Article
- Influence of Concentration on Release and Permeation Process of Model Peptide Substance-Corticotropin-From Semisolid Formulations.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Extra-adrenal glucocorticoid biosynthesis: implications for autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.Genes and immunity · 2020Review
- Activation of Melanocortin Receptors as a Potential Strategy to Reduce Local and Systemic Reactions Induced by Respiratory Viruses.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- A Prospective Observational Registry of Repository Corticotropin Injection (Acthar® Gel) for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis Relapse.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
- Acthar Gel (repository corticotropin injection) for persistently active SLE: study design and baseline characteristics from a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Lupus science & medicine · 2020Article
- Environmental Manipulations as an Effective Alternative Treatment to Reduce Endometriosis Progression.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The therapeutic benefits of adrenocorticotropic hormone in multiple sclerosis are usually ascribed to its corticotropic actions. Evidence is presented that adrenocorticotropic hormone, approved for multiple sclerosis relapses, acts via corticosteroid-independent melanocortin pathways to engender down-modulating actions on immune-system cells and the cytokines they synthesize. Immune response-dampening effects are also brought about by agent-induced neurotransmitters that inhibit immunocytes. The likelihood that adrenocorticotropic hormone promotes microglial quiescence and counteracts glucocorticoid-mediated bone resorption is discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.