Trial reportJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2012
Tumor-infiltrating γδ T lymphocytes predict clinical outcome in human breast cancer.
Trial report in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 119 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
119 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The prognostic values of FOXP3Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2023Pooled it
- Prognostic and predictive value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2016Pooled it
- The Prognostic Value of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- γδ T cells and cancer.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- γδ T cells in colorectal and liver cancer.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Integrating multi-omics data reveals the antitumor role and clinical benefits of gamma-delta T cells in triple-negative breast cancer.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Breast Cancer and Tumor Microenvironment: The Crucial Role of Immune Cells.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- Function and Spatial Organization of Tumor-Invasive Human γδ T Cells-What Do We Know?European journal of immunology · 2025Review
- γδ T cells in hematological malignancies: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Blood science (Baltimore, Md.) · 2025Review
- An organotypic human melanoma-in-skin model as anImmuno-oncology technology · 2024Article
- Low frequency of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells predicts poor survival in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia.Blood advances · 2024Article
- γδ T cells as critical anti-tumor immune effectors.Nature cancer · 2024Review
- Integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data reveals prognostic characteristics of lysosome-dependent cell death-related genes in osteosarcoma.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Blocking senescence and tolerogenic function of dendritic cells induced by γδ Treg cells enhances tumor-specific immunity for cancer immunotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Harnessing γδ T Cells against Human Gynecologic Cancers.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Lactate score classification of hepatocellular carcinoma helps identify patients with tumors that respond to immune checkpoint blockade therapy.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- Isolation and expansion of pure and functional γδ T cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Review
- γδ T cells: origin and fate, subsets, diseases and immunotherapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- The prognostic role of γδ T cells in colorectal cancer based on nomogram.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
59 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Understanding and dissecting the role of different subsets of regulatory tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the immunopathogenesis of individual cancer is a challenge for anti-tumor immunotherapy. High levels of γδ regulatory T cells have been discovered in breast TILs. However, the clinical relevance of these intratumoral γδ T cells is unknown. In this study, γδ T cell populations were analyzed by performing immunohistochemical staining in primary breast cancer tissues from patients with different stages of cancer progression. Retrospective multivariate analyses of the correlations between γδ T cell levels and other prognostic factors and clinical outcomes were completed. We found that γδ T cell infiltration and accumulation in breast tumor sites was a general feature in breast cancer patients. Intratumoral γδ T cell numbers were positively correlated with advanced tumor stages, HER2 expression status, and high lymph node metastasis but inversely correlated with relapse-free survival and overall survival of breast cancer patients. Multivariate and univariate analyses of tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells and other prognostic factors further suggested that intratumoral γδ T cells represented the most significant independent prognostic factor for assessing severity of breast cancer compared with the other known factors. Intratumoral γδ T cells were positively correlated with FOXP3(+) cells and CD4(+) T cells but negatively correlated with CD8(+) T cells in breast cancer tissues. These findings suggest that intratumoral γδ T cells may serve as a valuable and independent prognostic biomarker, as well as a potential therapeutic target for human breast cancer.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.