ArticleDiabetes care2013
Extended family history of type 1 diabetes and phenotype and genotype of newly diagnosed children.
Article in Diabetes care, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polish Recommendations for the Early Detection of Type 1 Diabetes in the Pediatric Population: A Position Statement of the Polish Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology and the Pediatric Section of the Diabetes Poland 2026.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2026Guideline
- ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2024: Screening, Staging, and Strategies to Preserve Beta-Cell Function in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2024Guideline
- ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2018: Definition, epidemiology, and classification of diabetes in children and adolescents.Pediatric diabetes · 2018Guideline
- Infections in the first year of life and development of beta cell autoimmunity and clinical type 1 diabetes in high-risk individuals: the TRIGR cohort.Diabetologia · 2022Trial
- Increasing plasma glucose before the development of type 1 diabetes-the TRIGR study.Pediatric diabetes · 2021Trial
- Altered cortical bone strength and lean mass in young women with long-duration (19 years) type 1 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Advancing Early-Stage Type 1 Diabetes Care: Future Focused Pathways for Identification, Screening, Diagnosis, and Monitoring.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Review
- Relative maternal protection against type 1 diabetes: A combined analysis of 5 observational studies.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Family history of type 2 diabetes delays development of type 1 diabetes in TEDDY children with islet autoimmunity.Diabetologia · 2026Observational
- Generalizability of Progression Risk in the TN-10 Trial to a European Population With or Without a First-Degree Relative With Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Article
- Single-cell RNA-seq analysis of longitudinal CD4Genome medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence, Clinical, and Immunological Features of Familial Type 1 Diabetes Among Children and Adolescents: A Retrospective Study from Saudi Arabia.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Optimizing Type 1 Diabetes Screening in People With Family History: A German Perspective.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Review
- Article
- Incidence rate and characteristics of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in a Vietnamese tertiary pediatric center: challenges in early detection.Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism · 2025Article
- Increased Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in Boys Under the Age of 5 Years During COVID-19 Lockdowns in Finland, Sweden and Stanford, CA, USA-An Observational Multicenter Study.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2025Observational
- Establishing Screening Programs for Presymptomatic Type 1 Diabetes: Practical Guidance for Diabetes Care Providers.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the frequency of newly diagnosed diabetic children with first- and second-degree relatives affected by type 1 diabetes and to characterize the effects of this positive family history on clinical markers, signs of β-cell autoimmunity, and HLA genotype in the index case. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsChildren (n = 1,488) with type 1 diabetes diagnosed under 15 years of age were included in a cross-sectional study from the Finnish Pediatric Diabetes Register. Data on family history of diabetes and metabolic decompensation at diagnosis were collected using a questionnaire. Antibodies to β-cell autoantigens (islet cell antibodies, insulin autoantibodies, GAD antibodies, and antibodies to the islet antigen 2 molecule) and HLA genotypes were analyzed.
resultsA total of 12.2% of the subjects had a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes (father 6.2%, mother 3.2%, and sibling 4.8%) and 11.9% had an affected second-degree relative. Children without affected relatives had lower pH (P < 0.001), higher plasma glucose (P < 0.001) and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations (P < 0.001), a higher rate of impaired consciousness (P = 0.02), and greater weight loss (P < 0.001). There were no differences in signs of β-cell autoimmunity. The familial cases carried the HLA DR4-DQ8 haplotype more frequently than sporadic cases (74.0 vs. 67.0%, P = 0.02).
conclusionsWhen the extended family history of type 1 diabetes is considered, the proportion of sporadic diabetes cases may be reduced to <80%. A positive family history for type 1 diabetes associates with a less severe metabolic decompensation at diagnosis, even when only second-degree relatives are affected. Autoantibody profiles are similar in familial and sporadic type 1 diabetes, suggesting similar pathogenetic mechanisms.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.