ArticleThe American journal of psychiatry2012
Antidepressant response in patients with major depression exposed to NSAIDs: a pharmacovigilance study.
Article in The American journal of psychiatry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03152409 (Salicylic Augmentation in Depression), which is not on this map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Salicylic Augmentation in Depression
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multimorbidity and analgesic-related harms: a systematic review.British journal of anaesthesia · 2025Pooled it
- An autism case history to review the systematic analysis of large-scale data to refine the diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.Biological psychiatry · 2015Pooled it
- Psychopathological Concomitants and Motivations Related to Misuse of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Paracetamol.Human psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug target gene associations with major depressive disorders: a Mendelian randomisation study integrating GWAS, eQTL and mQTL Data.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2023Article
- Melanin-like polydopamine nanoparticles mediating anti-inflammatory and rescuing synaptic loss for inflammatory depression therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Therapy as a Promising Target in Neuropsychiatric Disorders.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Review
- The Strategy of Targeting Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) in the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
- Are serum levels of inflammatory markers associated with the severity of symptoms of bipolar disorder?Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- An independently validated, portable algorithm for the rapid identification of COPD patients using electronic health records.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Artificial intelligence and machine learning-aided drug discovery in central nervous system diseases: State-of-the-arts and future directions.Medicinal research reviews · 2021Review
- Prescription Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and Depression among Adults with Inflammatory Chronic Conditions in the United States.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2020Article
- Depression as an Immunometabolic Disorder: Exploring Shared Pharmacotherapeutics with Cardiovascular Disease.Current neuropharmacology · 2020Review
- Targeting the immune system in the treatment of bipolar disorder.Psychopharmacology · 2019Review
- Increased synapse elimination by microglia in schizophrenia patient-derived models of synaptic pruning.Nature neuroscience · 2019Article
- The use of electronic health records for psychiatric phenotyping and genomics.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2018Review
- Modulating Neuroinflammation to Treat Neuropsychiatric Disorders.BioMed research international · 2017Review
- Abandoning personalization to get to precision in the pharmacotherapy of depression.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2016Article
- Improving risk prediction for depression via Elastic Net regression - Results from Korea National Health Insurance Services Data.AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium · 2016Article
- Inflammation and depression: combined use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and NSAIDs or paracetamol and psychiatric outcomes.Brain and behavior · 2015Article
- Immune and neurotrophin stimulation by electroconvulsive therapy: is some inflammation needed after all?Translational psychiatry · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been suggested that there is a mechanism by which nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may interfere with antidepressant response, and poorer outcomes among NSAID-treated patients were reported in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study. To attempt to confirm this association in an independent population-based treatment cohort and explore potential confounding variables, the authors examined use of NSAIDs and related medications among 1,528 outpatients in a New England health care system. METHOD Treatment outcomes were classified using a validated machine learning tool applied to electronic medical records. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between medication exposure and treatment outcomes, adjusted for potential confounding variables. To further elucidate confounding and treatment specificity of the observed effects, data from the STAR*D study were reanalyzed. RESULTS NSAID exposure was associated with a greater likelihood of depression classified as treatment resistant compared with depression classified as responsive to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (odds ratio=1.55, 95% CI=1.21-2.00). This association was apparent in the NSAIDs-only group but not in those using other agents with NSAID-like mechanisms (cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and salicylates). Inclusion of age, sex, ethnicity, and measures of comorbidity and health care utilization in regression models indicated confounding; association with outcome was no longer significant in fully adjusted models. Reanalysis of STAR*D results likewise identified an association in NSAIDs but not NSAID-like drugs, with more modest effects persisting after adjustment for potential confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS These results support an association between NSAID use and poorer antidepressant outcomes in major depressive disorder but indicate that some of the observed effect may be a result of confounding.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.