ArticleBMC microbiology2012
Co-occurrence of resistance to different antibiotics among aquatic bacteria.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prevalence and Differential Plasmid Versus Chromosomal Distribution of Ribosome-Targeting Antibiotic Resistance Genes inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The negligible mutagenic effects of norfloxacin on the genome of the fission yeastMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Analysis of the Prevalence of Bacterial Pathogens and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Assessing the Ecotoxicity of Eight Widely Used Antibiotics on River Microbial Communities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Characterization of Environmental and Cultivable Antibiotic-Resistant Microbial Communities Associated with Wastewater Treatment.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Bacteria From the Multi-Contaminated Tinto River Estuary (SW, Spain) Show High Multi-Resistance to Antibiotics and Point toFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Aeromonas and Pseudomonas species carriers of ampC FOX genes in aquatic environments.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2013Article
- A qualitative survey of five antibiotics in a water treatment plant in central plateau of Iran.Journal of environmental and public health · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAntibiotic resistance is not confined to pathogens, but is also widespread in various natural environments. In nature the microbes producing antibiotic compounds have been around for millions of years. Heavy use of antibiotics in medicine and veterinary practice may lead to the accumulation of resistance genes in microbial populations, followed by a rise in multiresistant bacteria.
resultsTo test the extent of resistance among aquatic bacteria, we have collected 760 isolates resistant to at least one antibiotic. The phylogeny of the isolates covers a wide range of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. In order to determine the extent of multiresistance, the isolates were tested on six antibiotics. As the growth rate of the different bacteria was highly variable, the classical medical resistance tests could not be used, and an alternative method considering the full growth curve was developed. In general, the overall resistances to different antibiotics could be explained by random, independent distribution. An exception to this was the resistances against tetracycline and chloramphenicol, which tended to occur in pairs.
conclusionsWe conclude that there is no massive spread of multiresistance determinants in the studied environment, although some specific cases can be found, awaiting for molecular characterization of the resistance mechanisms.
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