ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2012
Whole genome sequence of Treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum, strain Mexico A, suggests recombination between yaws and syphilis strains.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
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- In vitro analysis of seven syphilis-causing Treponema pallidum strains revealed inherent growth rate differences.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sequence variability of BamA and FadL candidate vaccinogens suggests divergent evolutionary paths ofJournal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- Resistance to ceftriaxone and penicillin G among contemporary syphilis strains confirmed by natural in vitro mutagenesis.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Whole-genome sequencing reveals evidence for inter-species transmission of the yaws bacterium among nonhuman primates in Tanzania.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Insights into Treponema pallidum genomics from modern and ancient genomes using a novel mapping strategy.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Epidemic of multiple Treponema pallidum strains in men who have sex with men in Japan: efficient multi-locus sequence typing scheme and indicator biomarkers.AIDS research and therapy · 2024Article
- In-Depth Proteome Coverage of In Vitro-CulturedJournal of proteome research · 2024Article
- Evaluation of whole-genome enrichment and sequencing ofiScience · 2024Article
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- Proteomic analysis of theFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Deep proteome coverage advances knowledge of Treponema pallidum protein expression profiles during infection.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Evolutionary Processes in the Emergence and Recent Spread of the Syphilis Agent, Treponema pallidum.Molecular biology and evolution · 2022Article
- High-throughput nanopore sequencing ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Global phylogeny of Treponema pallidum lineages reveals recent expansion and spread of contemporary syphilis.Nature microbiology · 2021Article
- Treponema pallidum genome sequencing from six continents reveals variability in vaccine candidate genes and dominance of Nichols clade strains in Madagascar.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Structural Modeling of the Treponema pallidum Outer Membrane Protein Repertoire: a Road Map for Deconvolution of Syphilis Pathogenesis and Development of a Syphilis Vaccine.Journal of bacteriology · 2021Article
- Dissecting the molecular diversity and commonality of bovine and human treponemes identifies key survival and adhesion mechanisms.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Recombinant Treponema pallidum protein Tp0768 promotes proinflammatory cytokine secretion of macrophages through ER stress and ROS/NF-κB pathway.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTreponema pallidum ssp. pallidum (TPA), the causative agent of syphilis, and Treponema pallidum ssp. pertenue (TPE), the causative agent of yaws, are closely related spirochetes causing diseases with distinct clinical manifestations. The TPA Mexico A strain was isolated in 1953 from male, with primary syphilis, living in Mexico. Attempts to cultivate TPA Mexico A strain under in vitro conditions have revealed lower growth potential compared to other tested TPA strains. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsThe complete genome sequence of the TPA Mexico A strain was determined using the Illumina sequencing technique. The genome sequence assembly was verified using the whole genome fingerprinting technique and the final sequence was annotated. The genome size of the Mexico A strain was determined to be 1,140,038 bp with 1,035 predicted ORFs. The Mexico A genome sequence was compared to the whole genome sequences of three TPA (Nichols, SS14 and Chicago) and three TPE (CDC-2, Samoa D and Gauthier) strains. No large rearrangements in the Mexico A genome were found and the identified nucleotide changes occurred most frequently in genes encoding putative virulence factors. Nevertheless, the genome of the Mexico A strain, revealed two genes (TPAMA_0326 (tp92) and TPAMA_0488 (mcp2-1)) which combine TPA- and TPE- specific nucleotide sequences. Both genes were found to be under positive selection within TPA strains and also between TPA and TPE strains. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The observed mosaic character of the TPAMA_0326 and TPAMA_0488 loci is likely a result of inter-strain recombination between TPA and TPE strains during simultaneous infection of a single host suggesting horizontal gene transfer between treponemal subspecies.
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