ArticlePloS one2012
Immune sculpting of norepinephrine on MHC-I, B7-1, IDO and B7-H1 expression and regulation of proliferation and invasion in pancreatic carcinoma cells.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognosis Relevance of Serum Cytokines in Pancreatic Cancer.BioMed research international · 2015Trial
- Pancreatic Lymphatics in Health and Disease: Evolution, Embryology, and Neural Control.Lymphatics · 2026Article
- Neuro-Immune Crosstalk: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2026Review
- The neuro-immune axis in cancer: from mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Neuro-immune crosstalk in cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- MDM2 inhibitors in cancer immunotherapy: Current status and perspective.Genes & diseases · 2024Review
- Article
- Neuro-immune interactions and immuno-oncology.Trends in cancer · 2023Review
- Nerves in gastrointestinal cancer: from mechanism to modulations.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2022Review
- The role of adrenergic receptors in lung cancer.American journal of cancer research · 2018Review
- The prognostic impact of programmed cell death ligand 1 and human leukocyte antigen class I in pancreatic cancer.Cancer medicine · 2017Article
- β-Adrenergic modulation of cancer cell proliferation: available evidence and clinical perspectives.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2017Review
- Regulation of CTL Infiltration Within the Tumor Microenvironment.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2017Review
- Nicotine induces self-renewal of pancreatic cancer stem cells via neurotransmitter-driven activation of sonic hedgehog signalling.European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2016Article
- Cancer prevention and therapy through the modulation of the tumor microenvironment.Seminars in cancer biology · 2015Review
- Housing temperature-induced stress drives therapeutic resistance in murine tumour models through β2-adrenergic receptor activation.Nature communications · 2015Article
- A nervous tumor microenvironment: the impact of adrenergic stress on cancer cells, immunosuppression, and immunotherapeutic response.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2014Review
- Mild cold-stress depresses immune responses: Implications for cancer models involving laboratory mice.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2014Review
- A sympathetic role for the pancreas in tumor progression?Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2014Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe sympathetic neurotransmitter Norepinephrine (NE) contributes to tumorigenesis and cancer progression. This study aims to investigate the role of NE in modulating the immune phenotype and allowing pancreatic carcinoma (PC) cells to escape the immune response.
methodsVaried concentrations of NE and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) were administrated to MIA PaCa-2 and BxPC-3 cell lines for 48 hours. Proliferation and invasion were then investigated using an MTT assay and a membrane invasion culture system respectively. MHC-I, B7-1, IDO and B7-H1 expression were measured using real-time quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting and immunocytochemistry. The synergistic and time-dependent effects of NE/IFN-γ were also investigated. Adrenergic antagonists were used to identify the relevant target receptor of NE.
resultsThe results showed that NE had dose-dependent and time-dependent effects on cell biological processes as well as on the expression of MHC-I, B7-1, IDO and B7-H1. These effects occurred mainly via the β(2)-adrenergic receptor. Long-term NE treatment was able to antagonize some of the effects of IFN-γ (after 2 weeks of treatment), but NE and IFN-γ had significant synergistic stimulatory effects on IDO and B7-H1 expression. The residual effects on biological activities lasted for 2 weeks, while the immunophenotypic changes decreased at early time points after treatment.
conclusionsNE plays important roles in modulating PC cell biological activities and affecting MHC-I, B7-1, IDO and B7-H1 expression in vitro, mainly via the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. Only at extended treatment durations could NE affect PC cell progression and immune evasion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.