ArticlePloS one2012
An inflammation loop orchestrated by S100A9 and calprotectin is critical for development of arthritis.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Proteomic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after lung transplantation associates stable allograft function with less lung damage at 12 months.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Clinically validated immune-related gene markers and molecular subtypes in acute myocardial infarction revealed by peripheral blood transcriptomics.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Evidence of an allostatic response by intestinal tissues following induction of joint inflammation.PloS one · 2026Article
- Synovial fluid calprotectin quantitative rapid diagnostic biomarker for risk stratification of periprosthetic joint infections.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025Article
- The Role of Calprotectin in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Macrophage-derived S100A9 promotes diabetic cardiomyopathy by disturbing mitochondrial quality control via STAT3 activation.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Article
- Evaluation of neutrophil activation marker in patients with vitiligo.Irish journal of medical science · 2024Article
- S100A9: The Unusual Suspect Connecting Viral Infection and Inflammation.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Review
- The Role of Alarmins in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, and Psoriasis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Fibrocyte Phenotype of ENTPD1+CD55+ Cells and Its Association with Pain in Osteoarthritic Synovium.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Identified S100A9 as a target for diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis by bioinformatics analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A9, a Potential Novel Diagnostic Biomarker for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Journal of Korean medical science · 2024Article
- Biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease: a practical guide.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2024Review
- S100a8/A9 proteins: critical regulators of inflammation in cardiovascular diseases.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Identification of a shared gene signature and biological mechanism between diabetic foot ulcers and cutaneous lupus erythemnatosus by transcriptomic analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- A Serological Neoepitope Biomarker of Neutrophil Elastase-Degraded Calprotectin, Associated with Neutrophil Activity, Identifies Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease More Effectively Than Total Calprotectin.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Changes in S100A8/A9 and S100A12 and Their Comparison with Other Analytes in the Saliva of Pigs with Diarrhea Due toAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- S100A9 plays a key role in Clostridium perfringens beta2 toxin-induced inflammatory damage in porcine IPEC-J2 intestinal epithelial cells.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- S100A8/A9 in COVID-19 pathogenesis: Impact on clinical outcomes.Cytokine & growth factor reviews · 2022Review
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe S100A9 and S100A8 proteins are highly expressed by neutrophils and monocytes and are part of a group of damage-associated molecular pattern molecules that trigger inflammatory responses. Sera and synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) contain high concentrations of S100A8/A9 that correlate with disease activity.
methodsIn this study, we investigated the importance of S100A9 in RA by using neutralizing antibodies in a murine lipopolysaccharide-synchronized collagen-induced arthritis model. We also used an in vitro model of stimulation of human immune cells to decipher the role played by S100A9 in leukocyte migration and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion.
resultsTreatment with anti-S100A9 antibodies improved the clinical score by 50%, diminished immune cell infiltration, reduced inflammatory cytokines, both in serum and in the joints, and preserved bone/collagen integrity. Stimulation of neutrophils with S100A9 protein led to the enhancement of neutrophil transendothelial migration. S100A9 protein also induced the secretion by monocytes of proinflammatory cytokines like TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6, and of chemokines like MIP-1α and MCP-1.
conclusionThe effects of anti-S100A9 treatment are likely direct consequences of inhibiting the S100A9-mediated promotion of neutrophil transmigration and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines from monocytes. Collectively, our results show that treatment with anti-S100A9 may inhibit amplification of the immune response and help preserve tissue integrity. Therefore, S100A9 is a promising potential therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis for which alternative therapeutic strategies are needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.