ArticlePloS one2012
Training the brain to survive stroke.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chronic high-altitude exposure and the epidemiology of ischaemic stroke: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2022Pooled it
- The role of orexin A in the pathogenesis of ischaemic stroke at high altitude.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Time Domains of Hypoxia Responses and -Omics Insights.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Stroke-Related Mortality at Different Altitudes: A 17-Year Nationwide Population-Based Analysis From Ecuador.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- Effect of 3-Day and 21-Day Hypoxic Preconditioning on Recovery Following Cerebral Ischemia in Rats.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Article
- Imaging Guidance for Therapeutic Delivery: The Dawn of Neuroenergetics.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2020Review
- Partial pressure of oxygen in the human body: a general review.American journal of blood research · 2019Review
- Article
- Physiological cerebrovascular remodeling in response to chronic mild hypoxia: A role for activated protein C.Experimental neurology · 2016Article
- Swimming Training Modulates Nitric Oxide-Glutamate Interaction in the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla in Normotensive Conscious Rats.Frontiers in physiology · 2016Article
- Defining the critical hypoxic threshold that promotes vascular remodeling in the brain.Experimental neurology · 2015Article
- Ischemia-reperfusion injury in stroke.Interventional neurology · 2013Review
- Preliminary evaluations related to the ranges of hematological and biochemical variables in hospitalized patients with stroke.International journal of preventive medicine · 2013Article
- Monitoring angiogenesis using a human compatible calibration for broadband near-infrared spectroscopy.Journal of biomedical optics · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPresently, little can be done to repair brain tissue after stroke damage. We hypothesized that the mammalian brain has an intrinsic capacity to adapt to low oxygen which would improve outcome from a reversible hypoxic/ischemic episode. Acclimation to chronic hypoxia causes increased capillarity and tissue oxygen levels which may improve the capacity to survive ischemia. Identification of these adaptations will lead to protocols which high risk groups could use to improve recovery and reduce costs. METHODS AND
findingsRats were exposed to hypoxia (3 weeks living at ½ an atmosphere). After acclimation, capillary density was measured morphometrically and was increased by 30% in the cortex. Novel implantable oxygen sensors showed that partial pressure of oxygen in the brain was increased by 40% in the normal cortex. Infarcts were induced in brain with 1 h reversible middle cerebral artery occlusions. After ischemia (48 h) behavioural scores were improved and T2 weighted MRI lesion volumes were reduced by 52% in acclimated groups. There was a reduction in inflammation indicated by reduced lymphocytes (by 27-33%), and ED1 positive cells (by 35-45%).
conclusionsIt is possible to stimulate a natural adaptive mechanism in the brain which will reduce damage and improve outcome for a given ischemic event. Since these adaptations occur after factors such as HIF-1α have returned to baseline, protection is likely related more to morphological changes such as angiogenesis. Such pre-conditioning, perhaps with exercise or pharmaceuticals, would not necessarily reduce the incidence of stroke, but the severity of damage could be reduced by 50%.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.